Abstract
Macrofungi play an extraordinarily important role in the catalysis of the nutrient cycle of deciduous and coniferous forests. Habitat degradation adversely influences the number of fruiting bodies of macrofungi and diminishes the diversity of the fungal community. The diversity of the terricolous- and lignicolous macrofungi assemblages were compared in stands of semi-natural and two plant associations modified by humans in different degrees in North-East Hungary. We used data from 15 permanent plots that were sampled for vascular plants and macrofungi. Rank-abundance curves and Rényi’s diversity profiles were applied for diversity research. The results indicated that structure and diversity of the terricolous macrofungi assemblages were mainly influenced by climatic and habitat conditions and the degradation of the plant associations to a lesser degree. The diversity of lignicolous macrofungi was primarily affected by the continuous presence, quality, and quantity of deadwood. Accordingly, the form and degree of forest management, as well as the age of the growing stocks, influenced community structure. If nature conservation planning and conservation activity are based on those biodiversity indicators which are good proxies for macrofungi biodiversity, the latter might be optimal for preserving macrofungi biodiversity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Standovár T., Primack R.B., Basis of Conservation Biology (in Hungarian). Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó Rt., Budapest, 2001
Haas H., Macrofungi of forest associations inWürttemberg region [Die Bodenbewohnenden Grosspilze in den Waldformationen einiger Gebiete von Württemberg], Beih. Bot.Central., 1932, 50, 35–134 (in German)
Bohus G., Babos M., Coenology of terricolous macroscopic fungi of deciduous forests, Botanischer Jahrbücher, 1960, 80, 1–100
Bohus G., Babos M., Mycocoenological investigation of acidophilous deciduous forests in Hungary, Botanischer Jahrbücher, 1967, 87, 304–360
Jahn H., Nespiak A., Tüxen R., Mycosociological examination of beech forests of Wesser Mts. [Pilzsoziologische Untersuchungen in Buchenwäldern des Wesergebirges], Mitt. Fl.-Soz. AG. N.F., 1967, 11/12, 159–197 (in German)
Lisiewska M., Macromycetes of Beech forests within the Eastern part of the Fagus area in Europe, Acta Mycol., 1974, 10, 3–72
Bujakiewich A., Macrofungi on soil in deciduous forests, In: Winterhoff W., (Ed.), Fungi in Vegetation Science, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1992
Pál-Fám F., Mycological characterization and comparison of climax forest associations in the Mecsek Mountains, Acta Microbiol. Immunol. Hung., 2002, 49/2–3, 177–191
Arnolds E., The changing macromycete flora in the Netherlands, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 1988, 90, 391–406
Arnolds E., Decline of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Europe, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 1991 35, 209–244
Zak J.C., Response of soil fungal communities to disturbance, pp. 403–425. In: Carroll G., Wicklow D.T., (Eds.), The fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem, 2nd ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992
Miller R.M., Lodge D.J., Fungal Response to Disturbance: Agriculture and Forestry, In: Söderström B.E., (Ed.), The Mycota IV Environmental and Microbial Relationships, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997
Villeneuve N., Grandtner M.M., Fortin J.A., Frequency and diversity of ectomycorrhizal and saprophytic macrofungi in the Laurentide Mountains of Quebec, Can. J. Bot., 1989, 67, 2616–2629
Arnolds E., Macrofungal communities outside forests, In: Winterhoff W., (Ed.), Fungi in Vegetation Science, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1992
Nantel P., Neumann P., Ecology of ectomycorrhizalbasidiomycete communities on a local vegetation gradient, Ecology, 1992, 73, 99–117
Packham J.M., May T.W., Brown M.J., Wardlaw T.J., Mills A.K., Macrofungal diversity and community ecology in mature and regrowth wet eucalypt forest in Tasmania: a multivariate study, Aust. J. Ecol., 2002, 27, 149–161
Benedek L., Pál-Fám F., Nagy J., Comparison of macrofungi communities and examination of macrofungi-plant interactions in forest stands in North Hungary, Int. J. Horticult. Sci., 2005, 11, 101–103
Brown N., Bhagwat S., Watkinson S., Macrofungal diversity in fragmented and disturbed forests of the Western Ghats of India, J. Appl. Ecol., 2006, 43, 11–17
Gabel A.C., Gabel M.L., Comparison of Diversity of Macrofungi and Vascular Plants at Seven Sites in the Black Hills of South Dakota, Am. Midl. Nat., 2007, 157, 258–296
Pál-Fám F., Siller I., Fodor L., Mycological monitoring in the Hungarian Biodiversity Monitoring System, Acta Mycol., 2007, 42, 35–58
Magurran A.E., Ecological Diversity and its Measurement, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1988
Siller I., Macrofungi of montane beech forest reserves, Dissertation, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary, 2004 (in Hungarian)
Naveh Z., Whittaker R.H., Structural and floristic diversity of shrublands and woodlands in northern Israel and other Mediterranean areas, Vegetatio, 1979, 41, 171–190
Zólyomi B., Natural vegetation 1:1 500 000, In: Pécsi M., (Ed.), National atlas of Hungary, Institute of Geography, Budapest, 1989
Dorgai L., Cserehát, Association of Agricultural Cooperatives of BAZ County, HAS Academic Comission of Miskolc, 1986 (in Hungarian)
Bullock J.M., Plants, In: Sutherland W.J., (Ed.), Ecological census techniques: a handbook, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2006
Simon T., Identification handbook of the Hungarian vascular plants, Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó RT., Budapest, 2000 (in Hungarian)
Krieglsteiner G.J., Atlas of Spreading of Macrofungi in Germany Vol 1. [Verbreitungsatlas der Großpilze Deutschlands, Band 1], Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1991 (in German)
Krieglsteiner G.J., Atlas of Spreading of Macrofungi in Germany Vol 2. [Verbreitungsatlas der Großpilze Deutschlands, Band 2], Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1991 (in German)
CABI, The Index Fungorum, 2008, http://www. indexfungorum.org
Whittaker R.H., Communities and ecosystems, 1st ed., Macmillan, New York, 1970
Tóthmérész B., NuCoSa 1.0: Number Cruncher for Community Studies and other Ecological Applications, Abstr. Bot., 1993, 7, 283–287
Tóthmérész B., Diversity orderings, Scientia, Budapest, 1997 (in Hungarian)
Borhidi A., Social Behaviour Types of the Hungarian Flora, its naturalness and relative ecological indicator values, Publication of University of Janus Pannonius, Pécs, 1993
Morschhauser T., Applications of isodegradation curves in nature conservation. Acta Bot. Hung., 1995, 39, 393–405
Rudolf K., Pál-Fám F., Morschhauser T., Macrofungi of Cserehát, Clusiana, 2008, 47, 45–74 (in Hungarian)
Borhidi A., Plant associations of Hungary, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 2003 (in Hungarian)
Schmit J.P., Mueller G.M., Leacock P.R., Mata J.L., Wu Q., Huang Y., Assessment of tree species richness as a surrogate for macrofungal species richness, Biol. Conserv., 2005, 121, 99–110
Kost G., Macrofungi on soil in coniferous forest. In: Winterhoff W. (Ed.), Fungi in Vegetation Science, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1992
Kost G., Haas H., The Mushroom flora of Protected Forests in Baden-Würtenberg [Die Pilzfora von Bannwäldern in Baden-Würtenberg], „Waldschutzgebiete“ im Rahmen der Mitt. Forstl. Ver. und Forsch. Anst, 1989, 4, 9–182 (in German)
Høiland K., Bendiksen E., Biodiversity of woodinhabiting fungi in a boreal coniferous forest in Sør-Trøndelag County, central Norway, Nord. J. Bot., 1996, 16, 643–659
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Rudolf, K., Morschhauser, T. & Pál-Fám, F. Macrofungal diversity in disturbed vegetation types in North-East Hungary. cent.eur.j.biol. 7, 634–647 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-012-0050-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-012-0050-3