Abstract
Collagen-phosphate composites (COL/β-TCP) are novel materials that have the potential to be used as bone analogues. The aim of our study was to develop a porous bioactive material composed of type I collagen, the main bone protein and tricalcium phosphate, the mineral phase of natural bone, and investigate their in vitro biocompatibility in a human dermal fibroblast culture system. In order to obtain the bioactive materials, type I collagen was isolated from bovine tendon and characterized by physicochemical methods. β-TCP was obtained from calcium carbonate by thermal decomposition at 900 °C temperature. The powder was examined with X-ray diffraction. Two variants of COL/β-TCP scaffolds (P1 and P2) were prepared and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Our results revealed a microporous structure with small white aggregates of β-TCP, non-homogenous scattered in the collagen framework without any preferential orientation. The biocompatibility of the obtained scaffolds was tested by biochemical and histological methods on human fibroblast cultures. Both materials acted as good subtrates for human dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. Wirdmann-Al-Adham, R. Gutwald, G. Lauer, U. Huber and R. Schmelzeisen: “How to optimize seeding and culturing of human osteoblast-like cells on various biomaterials”, Biomaterials Vol. 23, (2002), pp. 3319–3328.
F.R.A.J. Rose and R.O.C. Oreffo: “Bone Tissue Engineering: Hope vs Hype”, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., Vol. 292, (2002), pp. 1–7.
D. Gotora and J.T. Czernuszka: “Mineralisation and cross-Linking Techniques to Improve the Mechanical Properties of Collagen-Calcium Phosphate (Coll-Cap) Composites to be used as Bone Analoques”, Eur. Cell Mater., Vol. 7(1), (2004), p. 55.
W. Suchanek and M. Yoshimura: “Processing and properties of hydroxiapatite-based biomaterials for use as hard tissue replecement implants”, J. Mater. Res., Vol. 13(1), (1998), pp. 94–119.
A. Sihna, A. Ingle, K.R. Munim, S.N. Vaidya, B.P. Sharma and A.N. Bhisey: “Development of calcium phosphate based bioceramics”, Bull. Mater. Sci. Vol. 24(6), (2001), pp. 653–657.
A.R. Vaccaro: “The Role of the Osteoconductive Scaffold in Synthetic Bone Graft”, Orthopedics, Vol. 25(5), (2002), pp. 571–578.
V. Vicente, L. Meseguer, F. Martinez, A. Galian, J. Rodriguez, M. Alcaraz and M. Clavel: “Ultrastructural study of the osteointegration of bioceramics (whitlockite and composite beta-TCP-collagen) in rabbit bone”, Ultrastruct. Pathol., Vol. 20(2), (1996), pp. 179–188.
G. Negroiu, L. Moldovan, M. Caloianu, N. Mirancea and D. Mirancea: “Collagen-chondroitin sulfate substrates conditioned as sponges and membranes”, Rev. Roum. Biochem. Vol. 29(1), (1992), pp. 23–28.
L.A. Elson and W.T.J. Morgan: “Determination of total hexosamines”, Meth. Enzymol., Vol. 8, (1966), pp. 20–24.
G. Chirita and M. Chirita: Collagen in animal skin, Editura Tehnica, Bucharest, 1993, p. 268 (in Romanian).
L. Moldovan, E.I. Oprita, O. Craciunescu, C. Tardei, D. Bojin and O. Zarnescu: “Histochemical and scanning electron microscopic characterization of tricalcium phosphate-collagen conjugated sponges”, Roumanian Biotech. Lett., Vol. 9(5), (2004), pp. 1887–1893.
K de Groot: “Bioceramics consisting of calcium phosphate salts”, Biomaterials, Vol. 1, (1980), pp. 47–50.
T. Mosmann: “Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxic assays”, J. Immunol. Methods, Vol. 65, (1983), pp. 55–63.
Y. Liu, D.A. Peterson, H. Kimura and D. Schubert: “Mechanism of cellular 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction”, J. Neurochem., Vol. 69, (1997), pp. 581–593.
A. John, L. Hong, Y. Ikada and Y. Tabata: “A trial to prepare biodegradable collagen-hydroxiapatite composite for bone repair”, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed., Vol. 12(6), (2001), pp. 689–705.
S.S. Liao, F.Z. Cui, W. Zhang and Q.L. Feng: “Hierarchically biomimetic bone scaffolds materials:nano HA/collagen/PLA composite”, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B. Appl. Biomater., Vol. 69(2), (2004), pp. 158–165.
S.H. Parkish: “Bone Graft Substitutes: Past, Present, Future”, J. Postgrad. Med., Vol. 48(2), (2002), pp. 142–148.
M. Ozawa, K. Tanaka, S. Morikawa, M. Chazono and K. Fujii: “Clinical study of the pure βttricalcium phosphate — Reports of 167 cases”, J. East. JPN Orthop. Traumatol., Vol. 12, (2000), pp. 409–413.
E. Fernandez, F.J. Gil, M.P. Ginebra, F.C.M. Driessens, J.A. Planell and S.M. Best: “Calcium phosphate bone cements for clinical applications. Part I: solution chemistry”, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., Vol. 10, (1999), pp. 169–176.
W. Renooji, A. Hoogendoorn, W.J. Visser, R.H.F. Lentferkink, M.G.J. Schimitz, H.V. Ieperen, S.J. Oldenburg, W.M. Janssen, L.M.A. Akkermans and P. Wittebol: “Bioresoption of ceramic strontium-85-labeled calcium phosphate implants in dog femora”, Clin. Orthop., Vol. 197, (1985), pp. 272–285.
N. Kotobuki, K. Ioku, D. Kawagoe, H. Fujimori, S. Goto and H. Ohgushi: “Observation of osteogenic differentiation cascade of living mesenchimal stem cells on transparent hydroxyapatite ceramics”, Biomaterials, Vol. 26, (2005), pp. 779–785.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Oprita, E.I., Moldovan, L., Craciunescu, O. et al. A bioactive collagen-β tricalcium phosphate scaffold for tissue engineering. cent.eur.j.biol. 1, 61–72 (2006). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-006-0005-7
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-006-0005-7