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Chemometrics in the assessment of the sustainable development rule implementation

  • Research Article
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Central European Journal of Chemistry

Abstract

The sustainable development rule implementation is tested by the application of chemometrics in the field of environmental pollution. A data set consisting of Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Fe content in bottom sediment samples collected in the Odra River (Germany/Poland) is treated using cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and source apportionment techniques. Cluster analysis clearly shows that pollution on the German bank is higher than on the Polish bank. Two latent factors extracted by PCA explain over 88 % of the total variance of the system, allowing identification of the dominant “semi-natural” and “anthropogenic” pollution sources in the river ecosystem. The complexity of the system is proved by MLR analysis of the absolute principal component scores (APCS). The apportioning clearly shows that Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn and Cu participate in an “anthropogenic” source profile, whereas Fe and Mn are “semi-natural”. Multiple regression analysis indicates that for particular elements not described by the model, the amounts vary from 4.2 % (Mn) to 13.1 % (Cr). The element Ni participates to some extent to each source and, in this way, is neither pure “semi-natural” nor pure “anthropogenic”. Apportioning indicates that the whole heavy metal pollution in the investigated river reach is 12510.45 mg·kg−1. The contribution of pollutants originating from “anthropogenic sources” is 9.04 % and from “semi-natural” sources is 86.53 %.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology and Environmental Protection Institute, Pomeranian Pedagogical Academy, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland

    Aleksander Astel

  2. Department of Environmental Protection, Collegium Polonicum, Adam Mickiewicz University, 69-100, Słubice, Poland

    Grażyna Głosińska & Leonard Boszke

  3. Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-613, Poznań, Poland

    Tadeusz Sobczyński & Jerzy Siepak

  4. Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia “St. Kl. Okhridski”, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Vasil Simeonov

Authors
  1. Aleksander Astel
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  2. Grażyna Głosińska
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  3. Tadeusz Sobczyński
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  4. Leonard Boszke
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  5. Vasil Simeonov
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  6. Jerzy Siepak
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Correspondence to Aleksander Astel.

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Astel, A., Głosińska, G., Sobczyński, T. et al. Chemometrics in the assessment of the sustainable development rule implementation. cent.eur.j.chem. 4, 543–564 (2006). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11532-006-0021-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11532-006-0021-5

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