Skip to main content
Log in

Sex ratio at birth: Values, variance, and some determinants

  • Articles
  • Published:
Demography

Abstract

This paper examines the values, variance and some possible determinants of sex ratios for the first child and for all children in expected and desired families. For adults in Tallahassee, Florida, it was found that a large majority of respondents within sixty demographic categories chose males for their first child. Of those who actually had girls for their first child, a plurality would, nevertheless, prefer a first boy in their desired family. It was hypothesized and demonstrated that sex-role ideologies were a strong predictor of variance in first-child sex preferences. Sex ratios for all children in expected and desired families were 116 and 113, respectively. If people could choose the sex of their future children, these data suggest that several population parameters might be significantly altered; a preliminary model is outlined which might project some of these changes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Dawes, R. M. 1970. Sexual Heterogeneity of Children as a Determinant of American Family Size. Oregon Research Bulletin 10, No. 8.

  • Dinitz, S., R. Dynes, and A. Clark. 1964. Preference for Male or Female Children: Traditional or Affectional. Journal of Marriage and Family Living 16:128–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, Otis Dudley, and Beverly Duncan. 1955. Residential Distribution and Occupational Stratification. American Journal of Sociology 60:494–503.

    Google Scholar 

  • Etzioni, Amitai. 1968. Sex Control, Science, and Society. Science 161:1007–1012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, Leo. 1961. Some Possible Effects of Birth Control on the Human Sex Ratio. Annals of Human Genetics 25:75–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, R., J. Mayone Stycos, and K. Back. 1959. The Family and Population Control. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, L. W. 1960. Effects of Employment of Mothers on the Parental Power Relations and the Division of Household Labor. Journal of Marriage and Family Living 22: 27–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keyfitz, Nathan, and Wilhelm Flieger. 1971. Population: Facts and Methods of Demography. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lerner, I. M. 1968. Heredity, Evolution and Society. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lyster, W. R. 1970. Sex Ratio in the Australian Capitol Territory. Human Biology 42:670–678.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markle, Gerald E. 1973. The Potential Impact of Sex Predetermination on Fertility. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Tallahassee: Florida State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and Charles B. Nam. 1971. Sex Predetermination: Its Impact on Fertility. Social Biology, 18:73–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, David gnA., and David M. Heer. 1968. Son Survivorship Motivation and Family Size in India: A Computer Simulation. Population Studies 22: 199–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nam, Charles B., and Mary G. Powers. 1968. Changes in the Relative Status Level of Workers in the United States, 1950–1960. Social Forces 47: 158–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teitelbaum, Michael S. 1972. Factors Associated with the Sex Ratio in Human Populations. Pp, 90–109 in G. A. Harrison and A. J. Boyce (eds.), The Structure of Human Populations. London: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teitelbaum, Michael S. 1970. Factors Affecting the Sex Ratios in Large Populations. In Biosocial Aspects of Sex. Journal of Biosocial Science, Supplement No.2.

  • — and Nathan Mantel. 1971. Socioeconomic Factors and the Sex Ratio at Birth. Journal of Biosocial Science 3:23–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • . S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare 1968. Vital Statistics of the United States. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Visaria, Pravin M. 1967. Sex Ratio at Birth in Territories with Relatively Complete Registration. Eugenics Quarterly 14:132–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westoff, Charles F., Philip C. Sagi, and Elliot G. Mishler. 1961. Family Growth in Metropolitan America. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, N. E. 1973. Preferences for Sons Around the World. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Cambridge: Harvard University.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Markle, G.E. Sex ratio at birth: Values, variance, and some determinants. Demography 11, 131–142 (1974). https://doi.org/10.2307/2060704

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060704

Keywords

Navigation