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Occupational mobility as a probability process

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Demography

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Resumen

Cierto numéro de pasadas investigaciones han asumido que la movilidad ocupacional entre generaciones puede ser descrita como un proceso Markov, pero esta asumsión no ha sido nunca sujeta a pruebas empiricas. Usando datos pertinentes a la ocupación de abuelos, padres e hijos, nosotros podemos demostrar que la hipótesis markoviana no es valida. Otras investigaciones han tratado la movilidad intrageneraeional como variadas clases de procesos de probabilidad, pero no han mirado el movimiento entre ocupaciones en si mismo, como un proceso Markov. Usando el estudio de Movilidad Ocupacional en Seis Ciudades, nosotros también podemos demostrar para cada una de las tres cohortes de edades que la movilidad ocupacional intrageneraeional no puede ser totalmente descrita como un proceso Markov de primer orden.

Aunque, relativamente hay más herencia ocupacional intergeneracional y más estabilidad ocupacional intrageneraeional que la requerida por las teorias markovianas, hay sinembargo una impresionante similaridad entre las actuales corrientes entre ocupaciones y aquellas requeridas para un proceso markoviano de primer orden. Por lo que se refiere a este caso, los individuos escapan a al influencia de la ocupación de sus abuelos y a la influencia de otras ocupaciones, eligiendo tempranamente su propia carrera. Así, mientras la movilidad ocupacional no puede ser totalmente descrita por una cadena markoviana de primer orden, su similaridad a dicho proceso testifica la gran fluides de la sociedad norteamericana. Los conceptos de “carrera” y la discución de una persistente “cultura de la pobreza” requieren modification a la luz de estos descubrimientos.

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References

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This paper represents a substantial revision of materials originally treated while I held a Research Training Fellowship from the Social Science Research Council, 1962–63. Acknowledgment is gratefully expressed to the Council for its support.

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Hodge, R.W. Occupational mobility as a probability process. Demography 3, 19–34 (1966). https://doi.org/10.2307/2060061

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