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Quality of Life in Glaucoma and Three Other Chronic Diseases

A Systematic Literature Review

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Abstract

Chronic diseases have a long-term negative impact on quality of life (QOL). Decreased QOL is associated with increased financial burden on healthcare systems and society. However, few publications have investigated the impact of glaucoma on patients’ QOL in comparison with other chronic diseases observed in patients with similar demographic characteristics.

To this end, a systematic literature search to assess QOL in glaucoma and three other chronic diseases (osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dementia) was performed. A total of 146 publications were identified that reported QOL using six commonly used generic QOL instruments: 36-, 12- and 20-item Short-Form Health Surveys (SF-36, -12 and -20), EuroQoL (EQ-5D), Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) and the Health Utilities Index-Mark III (HUI-III). The publication breakdown was as follows: glaucoma (10%), osteoporosis (26%), diabetes (52%) and dementia (12%); one publication assessed QOL in glaucoma, diabetes and dementia.

QOL was affected to a similar or slightly lesser degree by glaucoma than by osteoporosis, diabetes or dementia. Among the publications reporting SF- 36, -12 and -20 evaluations, physical component scores were generally lower than mental component scores across all diseases. QOL was affected more in patients with glaucoma than in demographically matched non-glaucomatous controls according to SF-20 assessment. EQ-5D and SIP results showed that QOL decreased as the severity of glaucoma increased. Patients with glaucoma had the lowest scores on the SIP instrument, indicating better QOL than patients with osteoporosis or diabetes (no data were available on dementia). The HUI-III instrument identified poorer QOL in patients with dementia than other diseases, probably due to cognitive deficits. However, for some of the instruments, data were scarce, and interpretation of the results should be conservative.

Although there are limited published QOL studies in glaucoma, its impact on QOL appears to be broadly similar to that of other serious chronic diseases. Development of a QOL instrument that measures vision-specific and general health aspects would better document the impact of glaucoma on QOL and would facilitate comparisons with other chronic disease states.

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Acknowledgements

This review was funded by Allergan Inc. Tim Mills acted as a consultant to Allergan for the research and development of this review. John Walt and Jan Hansen are employees of Allergan and hold stock in that company. John Walt holds Allergan patents and has patents pending. Patricia Buchholz is an employee of Allergan. Simon Law has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review. The authors would like to thank Natalie Barker of Wolters Kluwer Pharma Solutions for providing writing assistance for this manuscript (funded by Allergan Inc.).

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  1. Global Health Outcomes, Wolters Kluwer Pharma Solutions, Chowley Oak Business Park, Chowley Oak Lane, Tattenhall, Chester, CH3 9GA, UK

    Tim Mills

  2. Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Simon K. Law

  3. Global Health Outcomes Strategy and Research, Allergan Inc., Irvine, California, USA

    John Walt & Jan Hansen

  4. Health Economics, Pricing, and Reimbursement, Allergan GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany

    Patricia Buchholz

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Correspondence to Tim Mills.

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Mills, T., Law, S.K., Walt, J. et al. Quality of Life in Glaucoma and Three Other Chronic Diseases. Drugs Aging 26, 933–950 (2009). https://doi.org/10.2165/11316830-000000000-00000

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