References
Powell KE, Thompson PD, Caspersen CJ, et al. Physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Ann Rev Public Health 1987; 8; 253–87
Blair SN, Kohl HW, Paffenbarger RS, et al. Physical fitness and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA 1989; 262: 2395–401
Paffenbarger RS, Wing AL, Hyde RT. Physical activity as an index of heart attack risk in college alumni. Am J Epidemiol 1978; 108: 161–75
Koplan JP, Powell KE, Sikes RK, et al. An epidemiologic study of benefits and risks of running. JAMA 1982; 248: 3118–21
Jacobs SJ, Berson BL. Injuries to runners: a study of entrants to a 10,000 meter race. Am J Sports Med 1986; 14(2): 151–5
Marti B, Vadar JP, Minder CE, et al. On the epidemiology of running injuries: the 1984 Bern Grand-Prix study. Am J Sports Med 1988; 16(3): 265–94
Macera CA, Pate RR, Powell KE, et al. Predicting lower extremity injuries among habitual runners. Arch Int Med 1989; 149: 2565–8
Walter SD, Hart LE, Mcintosh JM, et al. The Ontario cohort study of running-related injuries. Arch Intern Med 1989; 149: 2561–4
Jones BH, Cowan DN, Tomlinson JP, et al. Epidemiology of injuries associated with physical training among young men in the army. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993; 25(2): 197–203
Bovens AM, Janssen GM, Vermeer HG, et al. Occurrence of running injuries in adults following a supervised training program. Int J Sports Med 1989; 10Suppl. 3: S1186–90
Van Mechelen W. Running injuries: a review of the epidemiological literature. Sports Med 1992; 14: 320–5
Hoeberigs JH. Factors related to the incidence of running injuries: a review. Sports Med 1992; 14(5): 320–35
Macera CA. Lower extremity injuries in runners: advances in prediction. Sports Med 1992; 13(1): 50–7
Jones BH, Cowan DN, Knapik JJ. Exercise, training and injuries. Sports Med 1994; 18(3): 202–14
Macera CA, Jannarone RJ, Pate RR, et al. Running pattern as a predictor of injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24 Suppl.: S144
Van Mechelen W, Hlobil H, Kemper HC, et al. Prevention of running injuries by warm-up, cool-down, and stretching exercises. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21(5): 711–9
Requa RK, DeAvilla LN, Garrick JG. Injuries in recreational adult fitness activities. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21(3): 461–7
Almekinders LC, Almekinders SV. Outcome in the treatment of chronic overuse sports injuries: A retrospective study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1994; 19(3): 157–61
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Brill, P.A., Macera, C.A. The Influence of Running Patterns on Running Injuries. Sports Med 20, 365–368 (1995). https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199520060-00002
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199520060-00002