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Pharmacological Management of Cancer Pain

  • Practical Therapeutics
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Summary

Cancer pain remains a major cause of suffering. Improvements in its management have made unrelieved cancer pain unacceptable. While pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of cancer pain treatment, other options such as radiotherapy, nerve blocks, etc., have to be considered as well. A comprehensive approach must also address psychosocial issues.

A successful pharmacotherapy programme for cancer pain requires careful assessment of the origin and cause of the pain. The selection of analgesics has to be rationalised using a sequential approach such as the WHO stepladder. Oral application by the clock in an individually titrated dosage is recommended. Although morphine remains the most useful opioid, it should be used in combination with nonopioids.

Co-analgesics, which contribute to analgesia without being classical analgesics, should be used to treat pain of specific origin. Here membrane-stabilisers, antidepressants and steroids play an often underestimated role in the treatment of neurogenic pain. Anxiolytics and major tranquillisers should be avoided because they cause sedation without improving quality of analgesia. Calcitonin, diphosphonates and spasmolytics are of minor importance in this regard. Finally, concomitant medication to treat side effects of the therapy may be necessary in formulating a comprehensive treatment plan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand

    Stephan A. Schug (Senior Lecturer in Anaesthetics), R. Dunlop & D. Zech

  2. South Auckland Hospice, Manurewa, Auckland, New Zealand

    Stephan A. Schug (Senior Lecturer in Anaesthetics), R. Dunlop & D. Zech

  3. Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical School, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Stephan A. Schug (Senior Lecturer in Anaesthetics), R. Dunlop & D. Zech

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  1. Stephan A. Schug
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  2. R. Dunlop
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  3. D. Zech
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Schug, S.A., Dunlop, R. & Zech, D. Pharmacological Management of Cancer Pain. Drugs 43, 44–53 (1992). https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199243010-00005

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