Summary
Famotidine, an H2 receptor antagonist, has several potential advantages over cimetidine and ranitidine. These advantages include its potency, relatively longer elimination half-life, and lack of interaction with the cytochrome P450 isoforms.
Eight studies addressing the use of famotidine in paediatric patients have been published. Data from these studies demonstrate that the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous famotidine appear to be similar in both children over the age of 1 year and adults. These data support a starting paediatric dosage for intravenous famotidine of 0.5 mg/kg every 8 to 12 hours.
In addition, the safety and efficacy of famotidine in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and esophagitis in paediatric patients is supported by these studies involving over 150 children.
Future studies with famotidine in paediatrics should address its disposition in children under the age of 1 year and in children with compromised renal function, as well as the bioavailability of the oral formulation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Echizen H, Ishizaki T. Clinical pharmacokinetics of famotidine. Clin Pharmacokinet 1991; 21(3): 178–94
Kraus G, Krishna DR, Chmelarsch D, et al. Famotidine: pharmacokinetic properties and suppression of acid secretion in paediatric patients following cardiac surgery. Clin Pharmacokinet 1990; 18(1): 77–81
Nagita A, Manago M, Aoki S, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of famotidine in children with gastroduodenal ulcers. Ther Drug Monit 1994; 16: 444–9
James LP, Marshall JD, Heulitt MJ, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of famotidine in children. J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 36: 48–54
Krishna DR, Klotz U. Newer H2-receptor antagonists: clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interaction potential. Clin Pharmacokinet 1988; 15: 205–15
Echizen H, Shoda R, Umeda N, et al. Plasma famotidine concentration versus intragastric pH in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1988; 44: 690–8
Kroemer H, Klotz U. Pharmacokinetics of famotidine in man. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1987; 25: 458–63
Yeh KC, Chremos AN, Lin JH, et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of famotidine in man: results of multicenter collaborative studies. Biopharm Drug Dispos 1987; 8: 549–60
Holford NHG, Sheiner LB. Understanding the dose-effect relationship: clinical application of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models. Clin Pharmacokinet 1981; 6: 429–53
Treem WR, Davis PM, Hyams JS. Suppression of gastric acid secretion by intravenous administration of famotidine in children. J Pediatr 1991; 118(5): 812–6
West JR, Smith HW, Chasis H. Glomerular filtration rate, effective renal blood flow and maximal tubular-excretory capacity in infancy. J Pediatr 1948; 32: 10–8
Guignard JP. Glomerular filtration rate in the first three weeks of life. J Pediatr 1975; 87: 236–75
Kearns GL, Reed MD. Clinical pharmacokinetics in infants and children: a reappraisal. Clin Pharmacokinet 1989; 17 Suppl. 1: 29–67
Kelly DA. Do H2 receptor antagonists have a therapeutic role in childhood? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1994; 19: 270–6
Takabatake T, Ohta H, Maekawa M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of famotidine, a new H2-receptor antagonist, in relation to renal function. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1985; 28: 327–31
Lin JH, Chremos AN, Yeh KC, et al. Effects of age and chronic renal failure on the urinary excretion kinetics of famotidine in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1988; 34: 41–6
Behrens R, Hofbeck M, Singer H, et al. Frequency of stress lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract in paediatric patients after cardiac surgery: effects of prophylaxis. Br Heart J 1994; 72: 186–9
Jahr JS, Burckart G, Smith SS, et al. Effects of famotidine on gastric pH and residual volume in paediatric surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1991; 35: 457–60
Miyake S, Yamada M, Iwamoto H, et al. Effect of a new H2-blocker, famotidine, in reflux esophagitis among severely handicapped children. Clin Ther 1987; 9(5): 548–58
Carroccio A, Pardo F, Montalto G, et al. Use of famotidine in severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with persistent maldigestion on enzymatic replacement therapy: a long-term study in cystic fibrosis. Dig Dis Sci 1992; 37(9): 1441–6
Chalmers DM, Brown RC, Miller MD, et al. The influence of long-term cimetidine as an adjuvant to pancreatic enzyme therapy in cystic fibrosis. Acta Paediatr Scand 1985; 74: 114–7
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
James, L.P., Kearns, G.L. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Famotidine in Paediatric Patients. Clin-Pharmacokinet 31, 103–110 (1996). https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199631020-00002
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199631020-00002