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Vaccination Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease

A New Hope?

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Abstract

The pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, dystrophic neurites and neurofibrillary pathology, which eventually result in the degeneration of neurons and subsequent dementia. In 1999, international interest in a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of AD was ignited following transgenic mouse studies that indicated that it might be possible to immunise against the pathological alterations in Aβ that lead to aggregation of this protein in the brain. A subsequent phase I human trial for safety, tolerability and immunogenicity using an active immunisation strategy against Aβ had a positive outcome. However, phase ILA human trials involving active immunisation were halted following the diagnosis of aseptic meningoencephalitis in 6% of immunised subjects. Research into immunisation strategies involving transgenic AD mouse models has subsequently been refocused to determine the mechanisms by which plaque clearance and reduced memory deficits are attained, and to establish safer therapeutic approaches that may reduce potentially harmful brain inflammation. The vigour of international research on immunotherapy for AD provides significant hope for a strong therapeutic lead for the escalating number of individuals who will develop this otherwise incurable condition.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council, the Royal Hobart Hospital Research Foundation and the Tasmanian Masonic Medical Research Foundation. The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

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  1. School of Medicine, NeuroRepair Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

    Adele Woodhouse, Tracey C. Dickson & James C. Vickers

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  1. Adele Woodhouse
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  2. Tracey C. Dickson
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  3. James C. Vickers
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Correspondence to Adele Woodhouse.

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Woodhouse, A., Dickson, T.C. & Vickers, J.C. Vaccination Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease. Drugs Aging 24, 107–119 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200724020-00003

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