Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prevention and Management of Complications Occurring During Treatment with Clomifene

  • Leading Article
  • Published:
Drug Safety Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adashi EY. Clomiphene citrate: mechanisms and sites of action — hypothesis revisited. Fertility and Sterility 42: 331–344, 1984

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adashi EY, Rock JA, Sapp KC, Martin EJ, Wentz AC, et al. Gestational outcome of clomiphene-related conceptions. Fertility and Sterility 31: 620–626, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bardin CW, Ross GT, Lipsett MB. Site of action of clomiphene citrate in men: a study of the pituitary-Leydig cell axis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 27: 1558–1564, 1967

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boyar RM. Effects of clomiphene citrate on pituitary FSH, FSH-RF and release of LH in immature and mature rats. Endocrinology 86: 629–633, 1970

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buvat J, Buvat-Herbaut M, Marcolin G, Ardaens-Boulier K. Anti-estrogens as treatment of female and male infertility. Hormone Research 28: 219–229, 1987

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark JH, Markaverich BM. The agonistic-antagonistic properties of clomiphene: a review. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15: 467–519, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark JH, Markaverich BM. Actions of ovarian steroid hormones. In Knobil et al. (Eds) The physiology of reproduction, pp. 707–710, Raven Press, New York, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunha GR, Taguchi O, Namikawa R, Nishizuka Y, Robboy SJ. Teratogenic effects of clomiphene, tamoxifen, and diethylstil-bestrol on the developing human female genital tract. Human Pathology 18: 1132–1143, 1987

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dlugi AM, Laufer N, Botero-Ruiz W, DeCherney AH, Pollan ML, et al. Altered follicular development in clomiphene citrate vs human menopausal gonadotropin-stimulated cycles for in-vitro fertilization. Fertility and Sterility 43: 40–47, 1985

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Docke F. Studies on the anti-ovulatory action of clomiphene citrate in the rat. Journal of Reproductive Fertility 24: 45–54, 1971

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foss GL, Tindall CR, Birkett JP. The treatment of subfertile men with clomiphene citrate. Journal of Reproductive Fertility 32: 167–170, 1973

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenblatt RB, Roy S, Mahesh VB, Barfield WE, Jungck EC. Induction of ovulation. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 84: 900–909, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenblatt RB, Zarate A, Mahesh VB. Other ovulation inducing agents: clomiphene and other regimens. In Gold et al. (Eds) Gynecologic endocrinology, pp. 459–474, Harper and Row, Cambridge, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  • Hack M, Brish M, Serr DM, Insler V, Salomy M, et al. Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. Follow-up of pregnancies in children born after clomiphene therapy. Journal of the American Medical Association 220: 1329–1333, 1972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holtkamp DE, Greslin JG, Root CA, Lerner LJ. Gonadotrophin inhibiting and anti-fecundity effects of chloramiphene. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 105: 197–201, 1960

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsueh AJW, Erickson GF, Yen SSC. Sensitization of pituitary cells to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone by clomiphene citrate in-vitro. Nature 273: 57–59, 1978

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurachi K, Aono T, Minagawa J, Miyake A. Congenital malformations of newborn infants after clomiphene-induced ovulation. Fertility and Sterility 40: 187–189, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laufer N, Pratt BM, DeCherney AH, Naftolin F, Merino M, et al. The in-vivo and in-vitro effects of clomiphene citrate on ovulation, fertilization and development of cultured mouse oocytes. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 147: 633–638, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laufer N, Reich R, Braw R, Shenker JG, Tsafriri A. Effect of clomiphene citrate on pre-ovulatory rat follicles in culture. Biology of Reproduction 27: 463–471, 1982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marut EL, Hodgen GD. Antiestrogenic action of high-dose clomiphene in primates: pituitary augmentation but with ovarian attentuation. Fertility and Sterility 38: 100–104, 1982

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Masala A, Delitala G, Alagna S, Devilla L, Lotti G. Effect of clomiphene citrate on plasma levels of immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, gonadotropin, and testosterone in normal subjects and in patients with idiopathic oligospermia. Fertility and Sterility 29: 424–427, 1978

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murad F, Haynes RC. Estrogens and progestins. In Goodman et al. (Eds) The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, pp. 1431–1433, Macmillan, New York, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  • Pepperell RJ, O’Herlihy C. Induction of ovulation with clomiphene, bromocriptine and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). In Shearman (Ed.) Reproductive endocrinology, pp. 508–515, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  • Reyes SI, Faiman Z. Development of a testicular tumor during clomiphene therapy. Canadian Medical Association Journal 109: 502–506, 1973

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richards JS. Estradiol receptor content in rat granulosa cells during follicular development: modification by estradiol and gonadotropin. Endocrinology 97: 1174–1184, 1975

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schally AV, Carter WH, Parlow AF, Saito M, Arimura A, et al. Alteration of LH and FSH release in rat treated with clomiphene and its isomers. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 107: 1156–1167, 1970

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz KD, August S, Gasde K, Kramer G. Studies on the antiestrogenic and estrogen-like action of clomiphene citrate animal experiments. Gynecologic Investigation 3: 135–141, 1972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scialli AR. The reproductive toxicity of ovulation induction. Fertility and Sterility 45: 315–325, 1986

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sholitan LJ, Srivastava L, Taylor BB. The in-vitro and in-vivo effects of diethylstilbestrol on testicular synthesis of testosterone. Steroids 26: 797–806, 1975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sokol RZ, Steiner BS, Bustillo M, Petersen G, Swerdloff RS. A controlled comparison of the efficacy of clomiphene citrate in male infertility. Fertility and Sterility 49: 865–870, 1988

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sokol RZ, Swerdloff RS. Male infertility: diagnosis and medical. management. In Aiman (Ed.) Infertility: diagnosis and management, pp. 185–197, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Chan C-W, Wong K-K, Yeung K-K. Comparison of the effectiveness of placebo, clomiphene citrate, mesterolone, pentoxifylline, and testosterone rebound therapy for the treatment of idiopathic oligospermia. Fertility and Sterility 40: 358–365, 1983

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiland RG, Ansari AH, Klein DE, Doshi NS, Hallberg MD, et al. Idiopathic oligospermia: control observations and response to cis-clomiphene. Fertility and Sterility 23: 471–474, 1972

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson Street, Torrance, California, 90509, USA

    Rebecca Z. Sokol

Authors
  1. Rebecca Z. Sokol
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sokol, R.Z. Prevention and Management of Complications Occurring During Treatment with Clomifene. Drug-Safety 5, 313–316 (1990). https://doi.org/10.2165/00002018-199005050-00001

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00002018-199005050-00001

Keywords

Search

Navigation