Abstract
Two subjects are reviewed concerning the electrochemical approach to ion solvations. In Section 2, applications of ion-selective electrodes as sensors for ion solvations are discussed. In Section 3, the problem of the liquid junction potential between different solvents is discussed in connection with the difficulties encountered in the study of ion solvations.
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References
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Eqs. (4) and (5) were obtained by integrating Eqs. (4′) and (5′) under the assumption that t, a and μ° (the standard chemical potential) varied linearly at the interphase region. \({E_j}\left( a \right) = \left( { - RT/F} \right)\int_{{S_1}} {{S_2}} {\left( {{t_M}} - {t_x}d\ln \,{a_{MX}} \right)} \)\({E_j}\left( b \right) = \left( { - 1/F} \right)\int_{{S_1}} {{S_2}} {\left[ {{t_M}d{\mu \circ }\left( M \right) - {t_x}d{\mu \circ }\left( X \right)} \right]} \) Eqs. (4’) and (5’), on the other hand, were obtained from the equation: \({E_j} = \left( { - 1/F} \right)\int_{{S_1}} {{S_2}} {\left[ {{t_M}d\mu \left( M \right) - {t_x}d\mu \left( X \right)} \right];\mu = {\mu \circ } + RT\ln a} \) by taking the variation in fi° into account.
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In most practical cases, the junction is constrained or restricted by a porous plug or membrane. At such a constrained-diffusion junction, the LJP is established more slowly and may not be so stable as at a free-diffusion junction.
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Izutsu, K. Electrochemical Approach to Ion Solvations. Applications of Ion-Selective Electrodes as Sensors for Ion Solvations and the Problem of the Liquid Junction Potential between Different Solvents A Review. ANAL. SCI. 7, 1–8 (1991). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.7.1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.7.1