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Silica Gel Modified with N-(3-Propyl)-O-phenylenediamine: Functionalization, Metal Sorption Equilibrium Studies and Application to Metal Enrichment Prior to Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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Abstract

The use of the chemically modified silica gel N-(3-propyl)-O-phenylenediamine (SiG-NPPDA) adsorbent, for the preconcentration and separation of trace heavy metals, was described. SiG-NPPDA sorbs quantitatively (90 – 100% recovery) trace amounts of nine heavy metals, viz., Cd(II), Zn(II), Fe(III), Cu(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Cr(III), Co(II) and Ni(II) at pH 7 – 8. The sorption capacity varies from 350 to 450 μmol g−1. Desorption was found to be quantitative with 1 – 2 M HNO3 or 0.05 M Na2EDTA. The distribution coefficient, Kd and the percentage concentration of the investigated metal ions on the adsorbent at equilibrium, CM,eqm% (Recovery, R%), were studied as a function of experimental parameters. The logarithmic values of the distribution coefficient, log Kd, ranges between 4.0 and 6.4. Some foreign ions caused little interference in the preconcentration and determination of the investigated nine metals by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The adsorbent and its formed metal chelates were characterized by IR (absorbance and/or reflectance), potentiometric titrations and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG). The mode of chelation between the SiG-NPPDA adsorbent and the investigated metal ions is proposed to be due to the reaction of the investigated metal ions with the two nitrogen atoms of the SiG-NPPDA adsorbent. The present adsorbent coupled with flame AAS has been used to enrich and determine the nine metal ions in natural aqueous systems and in certified reference materials (RSD ≤ 5%). The copper, iron, manganese and zinc present in some pharmaceutical vitamin samples were also preconcentrated on SiG-NPPDA adsorbent and determined by flame AAS (RSD ≤ 4.2%). Nanogram concentrations (0.07 – 0.14 ng ml−1) of Cd(II), Zn(II), Fe(III), Pb(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) can be determined reliably with a preconcentration factor of 100.

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Author notes

  1. Magda Ali Abd-ElAziz Akl

    Present address: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, P. O. Box 70, Mansoura, Egypt

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, P. O. Box 70, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ibraheim Mohamed Kenawy & Rabab Ramadan Lasheen

Authors
  1. Magda Ali Abd-ElAziz Akl
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  2. Ibraheim Mohamed Kenawy
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  3. Rabab Ramadan Lasheen
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Akl, M.A.AE., Kenawy, I.M. & Lasheen, R.R. Silica Gel Modified with N-(3-Propyl)-O-phenylenediamine: Functionalization, Metal Sorption Equilibrium Studies and Application to Metal Enrichment Prior to Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. ANAL. SCI. 21, 923–931 (2005). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.21.923

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