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Hybrid Carbon Film Electrodes for Electroanalysis

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Abstract

Carbon materials have been widely used for electrochemical analysis and include carbon nanotubes, graphene, and borondoped diamond electrodes in addition to conventional carbon electrodes, such as those made of glassy carbon and graphite. Of the carbon-based electrodes, carbon film has advantages because it can be fabricated reproducibly and micro- or nanofabricated into electrodes with a wide range of shapes and sizes. Here, we report two categories of hybridtype carbon film electrodes for mainly electroanalytical applications. The first category consists of carbon films doped or surface terminated with other atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine, which can control surface hydrophilicity and lipophilicity or electrocatalytic performance, and are used to detect various electroactive biochemicals. The second category comprises metal nanoparticles embedded in carbon film electrodes fabricated by co-sputtering, which exhibits high electrocatalytic activity for environmental and biological samples including toxic heavy metal ions and clinical sugar markers, which are difficult to detect at pure carbon-based electrodes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. Masashi Kunitake and Eisuke Kuraya for discussions about fluorinated carbon films. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (O. N. 17H03081 and 20K21133) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports and Technology Japan, and the Saitama Prefectural Industry-Academia Collaborative Development Project Subsidy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Science Research Laboratory, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji Fukaya Saitama, 369-0293, Japan

    Osamu Niwa, Saki Ohta, Shota Takahashi & Zixin Zhang

  2. Health and Medical Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan

    Tomoyuki Kamata & Dai Kato

  3. Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan

    Shunsuke Shiba

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  1. Osamu Niwa
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  2. Saki Ohta
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  3. Shota Takahashi
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  4. Zixin Zhang
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  5. Tomoyuki Kamata
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  6. Dai Kato
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  7. Shunsuke Shiba
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Correspondence to Osamu Niwa.

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Osamu Niwareceived his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. from Kyushu University in 1981, 1983 and 1990, respectively. He joined the NTT Corporation in 1983 and the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) from 2004 to 2015. Since 2015, he is a professor at the Saitama Institute of Technology. His research interests are electrochemical analysis, biosensor and carbon material.

Saki Ohtareceived her masterʼs degree from Saitama Institute of Technology. From 2020, she is a Ph.D. student of Graduate School of Life Science and Green Chemistry, Saitama Institute of Technology. Her research interest is development of electrode surface processing for suppress fouling by biomolecules.

Shota Takahashireceived his bachelorʼs degree from Saitama Institute of Technology. From 2020, he is a Master student of the Department of Life Science and Green Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Saitama Institute of Technology. His research interest is the development of metal nanoparticle modified electrodes.

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Niwa, O., Ohta, S., Takahashi, S. et al. Hybrid Carbon Film Electrodes for Electroanalysis. ANAL. SCI. 37, 37–47 (2021). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.20SAR15

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