Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The genusCycas (Cycadaceae) in Vietnam

  • Published:
The Botanical Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The genusCycas is revised for Vietnam. Twenty-four species are enumerated, nine of them described as new (C.aculeata, C. brachycantha, C. collina, C. condaoensis, C. pachypoda,C. dolichophylla, C. fugax, C. hoabinhensis, andC. tropophylla). Descriptions of two Chinese species known to occur close to the China-Vietnam border are also provided. A new combination is made forC. bifida (formerlyC. rumphii vanbifida). The species are placed within an infrageneric classification previously outlined. Distribution of all taxa is mapped, and a key to species is provided. Illustrations are provided for new and poorly known taxa where adequate material has been available. Previous reports ofC. circinalis andC. rumphii from Vietnam are discussed. Lectotypes are designated forC. balansae, C. chevalieri, andC. elongata, and a neotype is designated forC. pectinata.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Amoroso, V. B. 1986. Morphological study of the sporophylls of PhilippineCycas. Philippine J. Sci. 115: 177–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon. 1910.Cycas micholitzii. P. 163in Miscellaneous Notes XXIV. Kew Bull. Misc. Inform.

  • Chen, C. J. &D. W. Stevenson. 1999. Cycadaceae. Pp. 1–7in Z. Y. Wu & P. H. Raven (eds.), Flora of China, 4. Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press, Beijing; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Saint Louis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, W. C., L. K Fu &C. Y. Cheng. 1975. Gymnospermae Sinicae. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13: 81–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Candolle, A. P. 1868. Cycadaceae. Pp. 522–548in A. P. De Candolle (ed.), Prodr. Syst. Nat. & Reg. Veg. 16(2): 522–548.

  • De Laubenfels, D. J. &F. Adema. 1998. A taxonomic revision of the generaCycas andEpicycas gen. nov. (Cycadaceae). Blumea 43: 351–400.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Loureiro, J. 1793. Flora Cochinchinensis. Vol. 2. Lisbon.

  • Dehgan, B. &C. K. H. Yuen. 1983. Seed morphology in relation to dispersal, evolution and propagation ofCycas. Bot. Gaz. 144(3): 412–418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fosberg, F. R. &M.-H. Sachet. 1975. Flora of Micronesia part 1, Gymnospermae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 20: 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greuter, W. (ed.). 1994. International Code of Bot. Nomenclature (Tokyo Code). Koeltz, Koenigstein, Germany.

  • Grierson, A. J. C. &D. G Long. 1983. Flora of Bhutan. Vol. 1. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, F. 1826. Commentary on Herbarium Amboinense. Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 5: 322–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiêp &P. K. Loc. 1997. The cycads of Vietnam (species composition, distribution, ecology, utilization, threatened status and conservation. Proc. N.C.S.T. Vietnam 9: 91–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1999. The cycads of Vietnam. Pp. 24–32in C.-J. Chen (ed.), Biology and conservation of cycads: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Cycad Biology, held in Panzhihua, Sichuan, China, 1–5 May 1996. International Academic Publishers, Beijing.

    Google Scholar 

  • -& J. E. Vidal. 1996. Cycadaceae. Pp. 6–23in Ph. Morat (ed.), Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Viêtnam. Vol. 28, Gymnospermae. Mus. Nat. Hist. Naturelle, Paris.

  • Hill, K. D. 1992. A preliminary account ofCycas (Cycadaceae) in Queensland. Telopea 5: 177–206.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1994. TheCycas rumphii Complex (Cycadaceae) in New Guinea and the Western Pacific. Australian Syst. Bot. 7: 543–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — 1995. Infrageneric relationships, phylogeny and biogeography of the genusCycas (Cycadaceae). Pp 139–162in P. Vorster (ed.), CYCAD 93, The 3rd International Conference on Cycad Biology, Proceedings. Cycad Society of South Africa, Stellenbosch.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1996. A taxonomic revision of the genus Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Australia. Telopea 7: 1–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 2004. Character evolution, species recognition and classification concepts in the Cycadaceae. Pp. 23–44in T. Walters & R. Osborne (eds.), Cycad classification: Concepts and recommendations. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, England.

    Google Scholar 

  • — &S. L. Yang. 1999. The genusCycas (Cycadaceae) in Thailand. Brittonia 51: 48–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, P.-H. 1991. Cay-co Viet-nam: An illustrated flora of Vietnam. P.-H. Ho, Montreal.

  • — &N. Duong. 1960. Cay-co mien nam Viet-nam. Ministry of Education, Saigon.

    Google Scholar 

  • IUCN. 1994. IUCN Red List categories. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarvis, C. E., F. R. Barrie, D. M. Allan &J. L. Reveal. 1993. A list of Linnaean generic names and their types. Regnum Veg. 127: 1–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leandri, J. 1931. Cycadacées. Pp. 1085–1092in M. H. Lecomte & F. Gagnepain (eds.), Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, 5. Paris.

  • Linden, L. &E. Rodigas. 1885. Illustr. Hortic. 32: 27, t. 547.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1886. Illustr. Hortic. 33: 27, t. 586.

    Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf, F. P. 1942. Flora of Fukien. Lingnan Univ., Canton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miquel, F. A. W. 1851. Analecta Botanica Indica. Sulpke, Amsterdam.

  • Pilger, R. 1926. Cycadaceae. Pp. 13: 44–82in A. Engler (ed.), Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Ed. 2. W. Engelmann, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prain, D. 1909.Cycas micholitzii. Curtis Bot. Mag. 135: t. 8242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raffill, C. P. 1912.Cycas micholitzii. Kew Bull. Misc. Inform.: 301–302.

  • Ridley, H. N. 1925. Cycadaceae. Pp. 5: 283–285in H. N. Ridley, Flora of the Malay Peninsula. L. Reeve & Co., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, J. 1932. Cycadaceae. Pp. 99(4,1): 1–168in A. Engler (ed.), Das Pflanzenreich. W. Engelmann, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smitinand, T. 1971. The genusCycas Linn. (Cycadaceae) in Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 14(1–2): 163–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • -. 1972. Cycadaceae. In: T. Smitinand & K. Larsen (editors), Flora of Thailand 2(2): 185–192.

  • Suvatabandhu, K. 1961. The living gymnosperms of Thailand. J. Nat. Res. Council Thailand 2: 59–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang, W. T., S. L. Yang &Poonsak Vatcharakorn. 1997. Cycads in Thailand. Nong Nooch Garden, Chonburi, Thailand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiselton-Dyer, W. T. 1902. Cycadaceae. J. Linn. Soc, Bot. 26: 559–561.

    Google Scholar 

  • — 1905.Cycas micholitzii. Gard. Chron. ser. 3. 38(973): 142–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walters, K. S. &H. J. Gillett (eds.). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Center. IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, D. Y. 1996. Systematic classification and taxonomy. Pp. 9–142in F.-X. Wang & H.-B. Liang (eds.), Cycads in China. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangdong, China.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warburg, O. 1900. Cycadaceae. Monsunia 1: 178–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, F. N. 1994. A new cycad from Guangxi. Guihaia 14: 300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S. L., K. D. Hill &N. T. Hiêp. 1997.Cycas lindstromii. Novon 7: 213–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, L., S. Y. Yang &Z. Zhou. 1990. Investigation of the natural community ofCycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou & S. Y. Yang. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 148–151.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens, 2000, Sydney, Australia

    Ken D. Hill

  2. Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Hiép T. Nguyen

  3. Department of Botany, University of Science, VNU Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Phan K. Loc

Authors
  1. Ken D. Hill
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hiép T. Nguyen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Phan K. Loc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hill, K.D., Nguyen, H.T. & Loc, P.K. The genusCycas (Cycadaceae) in Vietnam. Bot. Rev 70, 134–193 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1663/0006-8101(2004)070[0134:TGCCIV]2.0.CO;2

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1663/0006-8101(2004)070[0134:TGCCIV]2.0.CO;2

Keywords

Search

Navigation