Abstract
Decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) has been widely used as an alternative flame retardant due to the restriction or phase-out of traditional polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and is of increasing concern regarding its ubiquity, persistence, and potential adverse effects. In the present study, the toxicological effects of DBDPE were evaluated using zebrafish as an in vivo model. Upon being exposed to DBDPE-polluted sediments for a short term, it was found that the mortality and malformation of zebrafish (including edema, bent notochord, and bent tail) were not affected even at the highest concentration tested (1000.0 μg/kg dry sediment). Regarding behavioral responses, it was found that zebrafish larvae of 48 hours post fertilization (hpf) in all groups escaped successfully with a touch to the dorsal fin. However, when exposed to the highest DBDPE concentration, the larvae of 120 hpf exhibited significantly smaller distances as compared to the control. Moreover, the results of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, the expression levels of two important nerve-related genes, and the cell apoptosis all indicated that DBDPE posed low neurotoxicity in embryo-larval zebrafish. The results in this study shed some light on the potential risks of DBDPE in the real environment and highlight the application of the sediment exposure route in the future.
中文概要
目的
评估底泥中的十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)对斑马鱼 早期发育阶段的胚胎毒性和神经行为毒性,并探 索其潜在影响机制。
创新点
底泥暴露能更真实地反应DBDPE 等强疏水性污 染物在实际环境中的暴露情况,有利于污染物生 态风险评估的科学性和准确性。
方法
将受精后4 小时(4 hpf)的斑马鱼胚胎置于对照 底泥和染毒底泥(DBDPE 系列浓度)中进行短 期暴露,观察不同发育阶段的存活率、孵化率、 畸形率以及行为(包括触碰反应和自由泳动)效 应;并通过斑马鱼幼鱼的乙酰胆碱酶活性、神经 系统的相关基因(α1-tubulin和gap43)的转录水 平以及斑马鱼整体组织的细胞凋亡情况的检测 探讨其神经毒性的潜在机制。
结论
DBDPE 从4 hpf 处理至120 hpf,各浓度组的斑马 鱼均未出现明显的畸形和死亡。在72 hpf 时,最 低浓度组(62.5 μg/kg)DBDPE 轻微加快了斑马 鱼的孵化,而最高浓度组(1000.0 μg/kg)DBDPE 轻微延迟斑马鱼的孵化。所有浓度组的DBDPE 对48 hpf 时斑马鱼的触碰反应没有任何影响,最 高浓度组(1000.0 μg/kg)DBDPE 对120 hpf 时斑 马鱼的自由泳动总距离有显著的抑制作用 (P<0.05)。但是,斑马鱼的乙酰胆碱酶活性、 α1-tubulin 和gap43 的转录水平未发生显著变化, 所有浓度组的DBDPE 亦均未诱发斑马鱼整体组 织的细胞凋亡。
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21407038, 21407037, 21407051, 21307023, and 21377117) and the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY18B070008)
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Jin, Mq., Zhang, D., Zhang, Y. et al. Neurological responses of embryo-larval zebrafish to short-term sediment exposure to decabromodiphenylethane. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 19, 400–408 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1800033
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1800033