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Long-term high fructose and saturated fat diet affects plasma fatty acid profile in rats

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Abstract

As the consumption of fructose and saturated fatty acids (FAs) has greatly increased in western diets and is linked with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a moderate (10 weeks) and a prolonged (30 weeks) high fructose and saturated fatty acid (HFS) diet on plasma FA composition in rats. The effects of a few weeks of HFS diet had already been described, but in this paper we tried to establish whether these effects persist or if they are modified after 10 or 30 weeks. We hypothesized that the plasma FA profile would be altered between 10 and 30 weeks of the HFS diet. Rats fed with either the HFS or a standard diet were tested after 10 weeks and again after 30 weeks. After 10 weeks of feeding, HFS-fed rats developed the metabolic syndrome, as manifested by an increase in fasting insulinemia, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, as well as by impaired glucose tolerance. Furthermore, the plasma FA profile of the HFS group showed higher proportions of monounsaturated FAs like palmitoleic acid [16:1(n-7)] and oleic acid [18:1(n-9)], whereas the proportions of some polyunsaturated n-6 FAs, such as linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)] and arachidonic acid [20:4(n-6)], were lower than those in the control group. After 30 weeks of the HFS diet, we observed changes mainly in the levels of 16:1(n-7) (decreased) and 20:4(n-6) (increased). Together, our results suggest that an HFS diet could lead to an adaptive response of the plasma FA profile over time, in association with the development of the metabolic syndrome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Molecular Sciences of Marseilles, iSm2 UMR 7313, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13397, Marseilles Cedex 20, France

    Fabrice Tranchida, Zo Rakotoniaina & Valérie Deyris

  2. Laboratory of Nutrition-Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aix-Marseille University, 13385, Marseilles Cedex 5, France

    Léopold Tchiakpe

  3. Food Sciences, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of the French West Indies and Guiana, Saint-Claude, 97120, France

    Olivier Ravion & Abel Hiol

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  1. Fabrice Tranchida
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Tranchida, F., Tchiakpe, L., Rakotoniaina, Z. et al. Long-term high fructose and saturated fat diet affects plasma fatty acid profile in rats. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 13, 307–317 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1100090

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