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Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos

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Abstract

Oocyte quality has long been considered as a main limiting factor for in vitro fertilization (IVF). In the past decade, extensive observations demonstrated that the mitochondrion plays a vital role in the oocyte cytoplasm, for it can provide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and also act as stores of intracellular calcium and proapoptotic factors. During the oocyte maturation, mitochondria are characterized by distinct changes of their distribution pattern from being homogeneous to heterogeneous, which is correlated with the cumulus apoptosis. Oocyte quality decreases with the increasing maternal age. Recent studies have shown that low quality oocytes have some age-related dysfunctions, which include the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damages, chromosomal aneuploidies, the incidence of apoptosis, and changes in mitochondrial gene expression. All these dysfunctions may cause a high level of developmental retardation and arrest of preimplantation embryos. It has been suggested that these mitochondrial changes may arise from excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is closely associated with the oxidative energy production or calcium overload, which may trigger permeability transition pore opening and subsequent apoptosis. Therefore, mitochondria can be seen as signs for oocyte quality evaluation, and it is possible that the oocyte quality can be improved by enhancing the physical function of mitochondria. Here we reviewed recent advances in mitochondrial functions on oocytes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China

    Li-ya Wang & Xiang-yang Zou

  2. The Sperm Laboratory, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Li-ya Wang & Da-hui Wang

  3. Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China

    Li-ya Wang & Chen-ming Xu

Authors
  1. Li-ya Wang
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  2. Da-hui Wang
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  3. Xiang-yang Zou
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  4. Chen-ming Xu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chen-ming Xu.

Additional information

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30772345), the Research Program of the Science and Technology Bureau of Zhejiang Province (No. 2006C33016), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. Y204202), and the Chinese Medicine Research Program of Zhejiang Province (No. 2007CA071), China

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Wang, Ly., Wang, Dh., Zou, Xy. et al. Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 10, 483–492 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0820379

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0820379

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