Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effect of rail vibrations on the lubrication and efficiency of a splash-lubricated gearbox; specifically, the gearbox of a rail-transit vehicle. A high-fidelity 3D numerical model of the gearbox in a moving reference system is described, as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the gearbox with different vibration directions. The effects of rotational speed, oil-immersion depth, and different oil-injection volume rates on lubrication and efficiency are discussed. We propose a method of evaluating the internal lubrication condition of a splash-lubricated gearbox and quantitatively compare the effects of different operating parameters on lubrication and efficiency. Finally, our experiment to verify the feasibility of the simulation method is described. The results show that with vibration, the churning loss and oil supply for the bearings are significantly higher than those under static conditions. In addition, among different vibrational directions, lateral vibration has the greatest influence on the lubrication condition and efficiency of the gearbox. For the studied railway-vehicle gearbox, the best lubrication condition is achieved at a rotational speed of 1600 r/min and an oil-immersion depth of two times the tooth height (2.0h). Rotational speed is the operating parameter that has the most significant effect on the lubrication and efficiency of the gearbox.
摘要
目 的
以轨道交通车辆齿轮箱为研究对象, 本文旨在研究轨道振动激励对飞溅润滑齿轮箱的润滑和效率的影响.
创新点
1. 研究振动对齿轮箱内润滑与效率的影响; 2. 提出润滑评价指标, 综合评估润滑情况; 3. 实测轨道激励.
方 法
1. 建立在动参考系中的齿轮箱高保真三维数值模型, 并对不同振动方向下的齿轮箱进行计算流体力学仿真; 2. 讨论转速、 浸油深度和不同喷油体积速率对润滑和效率的影响; 3. 提出一种对飞溅润滑齿轮箱内部润滑状况的评价方法, 并量化地比较不同运行参数对润滑与效率的影响; 4. 通过实验验证该仿真方法的可行性.
结 论
1. 振动状态下, 齿轮箱搅油损失和轴承供油量与静态下相比显著增大; 2. 在不同方向的振动中, 横向振动载荷对齿轮箱润滑状况与效率的影响最大; 3. 对于所研究的轨道交通车辆齿轮箱, 转速为1600 r/min、 浸油深度为2倍齿高时润滑状态最佳; 4. 在各运行参数中, 转速对齿轮箱的润滑与效率影响最为显著.
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Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the Independent Research and Development Projects of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Duty AC Drive Electric Locomotive Systems Integration (No. R111720H01385), China.
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Yi LIU and Kailin ZHANG designed the research. Yi LIU and Shuai SHAO processed the corresponding data. Yi LIU wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Kailin ZHANG, Shuai SHAO, Hongxu XIANG, and Zhijian YE helped to organize the manuscript. Yi LIU and Kailin ZHANG revised and edited the final version.
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Yi LIU, Kailin ZHANG, Shuai SHAO, Hongxu XIANG, and Zhijian YE declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Liu, Y., Zhang, K., Shao, S. et al. Influence of vibration on the lubrication effect of a splash-lubricated gearbox. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 25, 324–339 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2300436
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2300436
Key words
- Comprehensive lubrication evaluation
- Churning loss
- Moving reference system
- Splash lubrication
- Vibrational excitation
- Gearbox