Abstract
Ultra-thin sheets of titanium for fabricating microchannels have been used in fuel cells due to their good corrosion resistance and high strength-weight ratio. This paper presents a constitutive model for studying the anisotropy effects of pure titanium (CP-Ti) sheet on the springback behavior and forming properties during the microstamping process. Thin sheets of CP-Ti specimens with different orientations were examined using uniaxial tensile tests to assess the effects of anisotropy on their mechanical properties. Then an anisotropic constitutive model considering the off-axis elastic modulus was developed based on orthotropic elasticity and Hill’s yield criterion. Numerical modeling and simulation of the microstamping process for fabricating multi-channel structures were performed. The effects of anisotropy on the springback of multi-channels were investigated and compared with experimental results; the effects of tool dimension parameters on the formability of microchannel structures were also analyzed. The results showed that the anisotropy of thin titanium sheets causes various degrees of forming loads and springback in the microstamping of microchannels at different orientations. This study accurately predicts the springback of thin titanium sheet used to fabricate microchannel structures and is a good guide to the formation of such structures.
概要
目的
钛基薄板微冲压成形时,钛基薄板的力学各向异性特点会导致薄板出现不同程度的回弹变形。本文旨在建立正交各向异性的弹塑性本构模型,用于准确预测钛基薄板的力学各向异性特点对微流道冲压成形时回弹变形和成形性能,分析模具尺寸参数(模具圆角半径、模具间隙、冲头宽度)对微流道冲压成形的影响规律,并对钛基薄板的取向和模具尺寸进行优选以提高冲压成形的精度。
创新点
1. 基于偏轴弹性模量和希尔屈服准则,建立钛基薄板的正交各向异性弹塑性本构模型。2. 建立钛基薄板微流道冲压成形工艺的数值仿真模型,并研究钛基薄板各向异性和模具参数对回弹变形和成形性能的影响规律。
方法
1. 通过单向拉伸试验分析,基于偏轴弹性模量和希尔屈服准则推导出钛薄板各向异性的应力应变关系,并建立钛基薄板微流道冲压成形的仿真模型。2. 通过与微冲压实验结果对比,验证仿真模型的准确性。3. 通过仿真模拟,分析钛薄板的各向异性特性对微冲压的影响,并研究在不同模具尺寸参数下钛薄板的成形能力。
结论
1. 正交各向异性本构模型能准确预测钛薄板弹塑性行为,建立的微冲压仿真模型可准确预测钛薄板的回弹变形量。2. 在微冲压加工中钛薄板的各向异性导致不同取向的试样产生了不同程度的成形载荷和回弹。3. 模具圆角半径、间隙和冲头宽度都与回弹呈正相关,与应力集中程度呈负相关;为降低断裂风险,选择RD试样和圆角半径为0.10 mm的模具制造深度为279.3 µm、拔模角度为34.34°的流道。
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Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFC1509503), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1809220), and the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (No. 2022C01113), China.
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Wenze MAO: methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, and writing–original draft & editing; Yancheng WANG: validation, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, and writing–review & editing. Deqing MEI: conceptualization, methodology, resources, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Lingfeng XUAN: methodology and formal analysis. Caiying ZHOU: conceptualization and methodology.
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Wenze MAO, Yancheng WANG, Deqing MEI, Lingfeng XUAN, and Caiying ZHOU declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Mao, W., Wang, Y., Mei, D. et al. Numerical modeling and experimental study of microstamping process for fabricating microchannels using thin sheets of titanium. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 24, 1079–1095 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2300083
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2300083