Abstract
The emission and contact drying kinetics of the paper mill sludge (PMS) were studied through experiments carried out in a paddle dryer. To get a better understanding of its drying mechanism, a penetration model developed by Tsotsas and Schlünder (1986) was used to simulate the drying kinetics of the PMS. The result indicated that this kinetics could be divided into three phases: pasty, lumpy and granular phases, and could be successfully simulated by the penetration model as the related sludge parameters were integrated into the model. The emission rate curves of the volatile compounds (VCs) were interrelated to the drying rate curve of the PMS, especially for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ammonia in this study.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arlabosse, P., Chitu, T., 2007. Identification of the limiting mechanism in contact drying of agitated sewage sludge. Drying Technology, 25(4):557–567. [doi:10.080/07373930701226955]
Chen, G.H., Yue, P.L., Mujumdar, A.S., 2002. Sludge dewatering and drying. Drying Technology, 20(4–5):883–916. [doi:10.1081/DRT-120003768]
Deng, W.Y., Yan, J.H., Li, X.D., Wang, F., Zhu, X.W., Lu, S.Y., Cen, K.F., 2008. Emission characteristics of volatile compounds during sludges drying process. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 153(1–2):487–492. [doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.08.080]
Dewil, R., Baeyens, J., Neyens, E., 2005. Fenton peroxidation improves the drying performance of waste activated sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 117(2–3):161–170. [doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.09.025]
Dittler, A., Bamberger, T., Gehrmann, D., Schlünder, E.U., 1997. Measurement and simulation of the vacuum contact drying of pastes in a LIST-type kneader drier. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 36(4):301–308. [doi:10.1016/S0255-2701(97)00004-4]
Ferrasse, J.H., Arlabosse, P., Lecomte, D., 2002. Heat, momentum, and mass transfer measurements in indirect agitated sludge dryer. Drying Technology, 20(4–5):749–769. [doi:10.1081/DRT-120003755]
Ferrasse, J.H., Lecomte, D., 2004. Simultaneous heat-flow differential calorimetry and thermogravimetry for fast determination of sorption isotherms and heat of sorption in environmental or food engineering. Chemical Engineering Science, 59(6):1365–1376. [doi:10.1016/j.ces.2004.01.002]
GB/T 212-2001, 2001. Method for Proximate Analysis of Coal. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People’s Republic of China.
GB/T 476-2001, 2001. Method for Ultimate Analysis of Coal. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People’s Republic of China.
Gevaudan, A., Andrieu, J., 1991. Contact drying modeling of agitated porous alumina beads. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 30(1):31–37. [doi:10.1016/0255-2701(91)80006-B]
Gostelow, P., Parsons, S.A., Stuetz, R.M., 2001. Odour measurements for sewage treatment works. Water Research, 35(3):579–597. [doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00313-4]
Grüter, H., Matter, M., Oehlmann, K.H., Hicks, M.D., 1990. Drying of sewage sludge-an important step in waste disposal. Water Science Technology, 22(12):57–63.
Hudson, J.A., Lowe, P., 1996. Current technologies for sludge treatment and disposal. Water and Environment Journal, 10(6):436–441. [doi:10.1111/j.1747-6593.1996.tb00077.x]
Lowe, P., 1995. Development in the thermal drying of sewage sludge. Water and Environment Journal, 9(3):306–316. [doi:10.1111/j.1747-6593.1995.tb00944.x]
Mollekopf, N., 1983. Wärmeübertragung an Mechanisch Durchmischtes Schüttgut mit Wärmesenken in Kontaktapparaten. PhD Thesis, University of Karlsruhe, Germany (in German).
Schlünder, E.U., Mollekopf, N., 1984. Vacuum contact drying of free flowing mechanically agitated particulate materials. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 18(2):93–111. [doi:10.1016/0255-2701(84)85012-6]
Tsotsas, E., Schlünder, E.U., 1986. Contact drying of mechanically agitated particulate material in the presence of inert gas. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 20(5): 277–285. [doi:10. 1016/0255-2701(86)80021-6]
Vesilind, P.A., Ramsey, T.B., 1996. Effect of drying temperature on the fuel value of wastewater sludge. Waste Management & Research, 14(2):189–196. [doi:10.1177/0734242X9601400208]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project (No. 2007C03003) supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, China
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Deng, Wy., Li, Xd., Yan, Jh. et al. Emission and drying kinetics of paper mill sludge during contact drying process. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 10, 1670–1677 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A0820648
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A0820648