Abstract
This paper proposes an effective heuristic algorithm for dynamic multicast routing with delay-constrained DDMR. The tree constructed by DDMR has the following characteristics: (1) multicast tree changes with the dynamic memberships; (2) the cost of the tree is as small as possible at each node addition/removal event; (3) all of the path delay meet a fixed delay constraint; (4) minimal perturbation to an existing tree. The proposed algorithm is based on “damage” and “usefulness” concepts proposed in previous work, and has a new parameter bf (Balancing Factor) for judging whether or not to rearrange a tree region when membership changes. Mutation operation in Genetic Algorithm (GA) is also employed to find an attached node for a new adding node. Simulation showed that our algorithm performs well and is better than static heuristic algorithms, in term of cost especially.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bauer, F., Varma, A., 1997. ARIES: A rearrangeable inexpensive edge-based on-line Steiner algorithm. IEEE JSAC, 15(3):382–397.
Feng, G., Peter, T., 1999. Efficient multicast routing with delay constraint. International Journal of Communication Systems, 12(3):181–195. [doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1131 (199905/06)12:3〈181::AID-DAC394〉3.0.CO;2-Y]
Fujinoki, H., Christensen, K.J., 2000. A routing algorithm for dynamic multicast trees with end-to-end path length control. Computer Communications, 23(2):101–114. [doi:10.1016/S0140-3664(99)00167-X]
Hong, S., Lee, H., Park, B.H., 1998. An Efficient Multicast Routing Algorithm for Delay-sensitive Applications with Dynamic Membership. Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM, p. 1433–1440.
Imase, M., Waxman, B., 1991. Dynamic Steiner tree problems. SIAM J. Disc. Math., 4(3):369–384. [doi:10.1137/0404033]
Kadirire, J., Knight, G., 1995. Comparison of Dynamic Multicast Routing Algorithms for Wide-Area Packet Switched (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). Networks, IEEE INFOCOM, p.212-219.
Kadtie, J., 1994. Minimizing packet copies in multicast routing by exploiting geographic spread. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 24:47–63.
Kheong, C., Siew, D., Feng, G., 2001. Efficient Setup for Multicast Connections Using Tree Caching. Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, p.249-258.
Korkmaz, T., Krunz, M., 2001. A randomized algorithm for finding a path subject to multiple QoS constraints. Computer Networks, 36(2-3):251–268. [doi:10.1016/S1389-1286(00)00209-7]
Lin, H.C., Lai, S.C., 1998. VTDM—A Dynamic Multicast Routing Algorithm. Proc. IEEE INFOCOM’98.
Raghavan, S., Manimaran, G., Siva Ram Murthy, C., 1999. A rearrangeable algorithm for the construction of delay-constrained dynamic multicast trees. IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, 7(4):514–529. [doi:10.1109/90.793020]
Wang, F.H., Richards, D., 1992. Steiner tree problems. Networks, 22:55–89.
Wang, Z., Shi, B., Zhao, E., 2001. Bandwidth-delay-constrained least-cost multicast routing based on heuristic genetic algorithm. Computer Communications, 24(7-8):685–692. [doi:10.1016/S0140-3664(00)00273-5]
Waxman, B.M., 1988. Routing of multipoint connections. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 6(9):1617–1622. [doi:10.1109/49.12889]
Winter, P., 1987. Steiner problem in networks: a survey. Networks, 17(2):129–167.
Xiang, F., Luo, J.Z., Wu, J.Y., Gu, G.Q., 1999. QoS routing based on genetic algorithm. Computer Communications, 22(15–16):1392–1399. [doi:10.1016/S0140-3664(99)00113-9]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, L., Xu, Zq. Effective multicasting algorithm for dynamic membership with delay constraint. J. Zhejiang Univ. - Sci. A 7, 156–163 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.A0156
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.A0156