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Development and properties of porous warm mix agent-loaded composite flame retardant and its suppressions on bituminous combustion and volatile release

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Abstract

Due to the particularity of highway tunnel structure, traffic accidents are easy to cause severe fires on bituminous pavement. Fire leads to the thermal decomposition of bituminous pavement, resulting in very serious consequences. In this study, such flame retardants as expanded graphite, ferric hypophosphite, ammonium polyphosphate and zinc borate were mixed at a mixing ratio of 1:3:4 to prepare composite flame retardant (CFR). Flame-retarding warm mix agent (FWA) was developed by loading CFR on porous warm mix agent (WMA). The thermal decomposition properties of WMA, FWA and CFR were studied using differential scanning calorimetry/ thermogravimetry. Then, suppression effects of CFR and FWA on thermal decomposition and combustion kinetics of bitumen were investigated. Influences of CFR and FWA on morphology and composition of bituminous combustion residues were studied using field emission-scanning electron microscopy. Test results show that flame retardant constituents in CFR decompose in turn during the continuous temperature rise, which effectively inhibits whole process of bituminous thermal decomposition and combustion. WMA shows a collaborative promotion action on CFR, and effectively improves the dispersion of CFR in bitumen. Moreover, WMA promotes the formation of denser and thicker carbonized layers. FWA significantly inhibits thermal decomposition behaviors of bitumen and adsorbs many macromolecular volatiles.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51978340, 52208440), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20210618), Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (21KJB580003), and the open research fund of Highway Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Jiaotong University (HEKLSP2022-09).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China

    Wenjing Xia, Wenjie Teng & Tao Xu

  2. Highway Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, Sichuan, China

    Wenjing Xia

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Xia, W., Teng, W. & Xu, T. Development and properties of porous warm mix agent-loaded composite flame retardant and its suppressions on bituminous combustion and volatile release. Mater Struct 57, 27 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-024-02299-w

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