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Performance of cast-in anchors in early age concrete with supplementary cementitious materials

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Abstract

This paper investigates the behavior of cast-in headed anchors in early age concrete with different mixes and supplementary cementitious materials. A series of anchor pull-out tests of cast-in headed anchors were conducted using slag and fly ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) and their amounts were varied from 0 to 50% for slag and 0 to 25% for fly ash of total cement content in concrete. The tests were conducted from 18 h to 28 days after concrete being casted. The results from the experiment were compared with the current theoretical model used in literatures and design standards to predict concrete cone failure for mature concrete to check their applicability for early age concrete with SCMs. Further, a comprehensive 3D finite element model was developed and verified against experimental results. The verified finite element model was used to conduct detailed parametric studies varying concrete and anchor properties. A detailed discussion on the anchorage behavior with different types and amount of SCMs based on findings of this study is presented in this paper. The concrete cone capacity method was found to be applicable for early age concrete with headed anchor with 40 mm effective depth and concrete strength as low as 3 MPa for anchors tested in this study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to express their thanks to the Higher Committee for Education Development in Iraq (HCED) which provided scholarship to the first author. The authors would like to acknowledge the technical staff at Swinburne University (Smart Structures Laboratory) for their efforts during the experimental tests. The authors would also like to acknowledge the Australian Engineered Fasteners and Anchor Council (AEFAC) and its member for financial and technical support. The authors would also like to acknowledge the funding support from the Australian Research Council (ARC) Linkage Project LP15100769.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia

    Ayad Al-Yousuf, Tilak Pokharel, Jessey Lee, Emad Gad, Kamiran Abdouka & Jay Sanjayan

  2. Department of Civil Techniques, Technical Institute of Basra, Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq

    Ayad Al-Yousuf

  3. Australian Engineered Fasteners and Anchors Council (AEFAC), Melbourne, Australia

    Tilak Pokharel & Jessey Lee

Authors
  1. Ayad Al-Yousuf
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  2. Tilak Pokharel
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  3. Jessey Lee
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  4. Emad Gad
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  5. Kamiran Abdouka
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  6. Jay Sanjayan
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by AA-Y. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TP and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tilak Pokharel.

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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Al-Yousuf, A., Pokharel, T., Lee, J. et al. Performance of cast-in anchors in early age concrete with supplementary cementitious materials. Mater Struct 56, 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-02094-5

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