Abstract
A new modified chemical quantitative mineral analysis (MCQMA) method was developed and used for quantitative calculation of crystalline and amorphous phases in ladle and blast furnace slags and their slag blends with 20–100 wt% of the amorphous phase. MCQMA calculation was created by combination of the original chemical quantitative mineral analysis (CQMA) with bulk chemical analysis (XRF) and QXRD–Rietveld method with an internal standard (QXRD*). These X-ray diffraction data were used for a) identification of crystalline minerals and for the support of calculation of average oxide formula of amorphous phase for MCQMA calculation and b) for independent separated quantitative determination of crystalline (C12A7, C3A, C2S, C3S, MgO) and amorphous minerals and their comparison with data calculated by MCQMA. The advantage of the MCQMA consists also in the possibility to test separately the quality of determined phase percentages provided by MCQMA and QXRD* methods using their feedback conversion on recalculated chemical analysis and compared them with bulk chemical analysis. For the tested data, the comparison showed that both methods provided comparable results.
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Notes
For CQMA calculation, crystallochemical and/or their related oxide formula coefficients of a given mineral phase are interchangeable.
Regardless the value of the constant (const) in Eq. (7), the calculated OFCCaO from equation (Eq. (8)) equals to const too. For example: a) for const = 10.0 and 10CaO 4SiO2 2Al2O3, i.e., Ca10Si4Al4O24 then OFCCaO = 10.0 or b) for const = 1.00 and 1.00CaO 0.40SiO2 0.20Al2O3 i.e. Ca1.00Si0.40Al0.40O2.40 then OFCCaO = 1.00). The calculated OFCCaO = const. indicates that the different value selected for const (Eq. (7)) does not influence the ratio among the i-th oxides in OFCi and therefore the value of const in Eq. (7) does not influence the calculated wt% of phases calculated by MCQMA. This conclusion was numerically verified.
Abbreviations
- CQMA:
-
Chemical quantitative mineral analysis
- MCQMA:
-
Modified Chemical quantitative mineral analysis
- WA:
-
Weighted averages
- OFC:
-
Oxide formula coefficient
- COFC:
-
Compiled oxide formulas coefficients
- CHA:
-
Chemical analysis
- m:
-
Mass of sample [g]
- i:
-
Index indicating the i-th oxide of element
- j:
-
Index indicating the j-th phase
- k:
-
Index indicating the k-th phase for MCQMA or QXRD method
- A, B, AB:
-
Labels for the sample A (laddle slag), B (blast furnace slag) or their blend AB
- cr:
-
Crystalline phase
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under Project No. [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008426].
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Klika, Z., Bartoňová, L., Kostura, B. et al. Critical evaluation of quantitative determination of minerals in slags by a new MCQMA and QXRD methods. Mater Struct 55, 246 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-02069-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-02069-6