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Durability performance of binary and ternary blended cementitious systems with calcined clay: a RILEM TC 282-CCL, review

  • RILEM TC 282-CCL, Calcined Clays as Supplementary Cementitious Materials
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Abstract

The durability performance of blended cementitious systems with calcined clays is reviewed in this paper by the RILEM TC 282-CCL on calcined clays as supplementary cementititous materials (SCMs) (working group on durability). The impact of metakaolin and other calcined clays on the porosity and pore structure of cementitious systems is discussed, followed by its impact on transport properties such as moisture ingress. The durability performance of binary and ternary cementitious systems with calcined clay is then reported with respect to chloride ingress, carbonation, sulphate attack, freeze–thaw and alkali-silica reaction. The role of unique microstructural alterations in concretes with calcined clay-limestone combinations due to the formation of CO3-AFm and their impact on different durability exposures is emphasised. While a large majority of studies agree that the chloride resistance of concretes with calcined clays is significantly improved, such concretes seem to be more susceptible to carbonation than those produced with plain Portland cement or other SCMs used at lower replacement levels. Also, several studies are focused on metakaolin and lower grade kaolinite clay, while there are limited studies on calcined smectite/illite or mixed clays, which could also play a crucial role to the improved adoption of large reserves of clay sources to produce sustainable binders.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the thorough assessment and detailed comments provided by Dr Susan Bernal Lopez. Participation of Y. Dhandapani was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through award 1903457 and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through Grant EP/R001642/1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India

    Yuvaraj Dhandapani & Manu Santhanam

  2. School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Yuvaraj Dhandapani

  3. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    Shiju Joseph

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Delhi, Delhi, India

    Shashank Bishnoi

  5. Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

    Wolfgang Kunther

  6. Arup, London, UK

    Fragkoulis Kanavaris

  7. University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Taehwan Kim

  8. Universidad Nacional del Centro de La Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina

    Edgardo Irassar

  9. University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Arnaud Castel

  10. EPFL Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Franco Zunino

  11. Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Alisa Machner

  12. Mahindra University, Hyderabad, India

    Visalakshi Talakokula

  13. Bundeswehr University Munich, Munich, Germany

    Karl-Christian Thienel

  14. Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada

    William Wilson

  15. KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium

    Jan Elsen

  16. UCLV Cuba, Santa Clara, Cuba

    Fernando Martirena

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Dhandapani, Y., Joseph, S., Bishnoi, S. et al. Durability performance of binary and ternary blended cementitious systems with calcined clay: a RILEM TC 282-CCL, review. Mater Struct 55, 145 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-01974-0

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