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Evaluation of alkali–silica reaction damage in concrete by using acoustic emission signal features and damage rating index: damage monitoring on concrete prisms

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Abstract

Alkali–Silica Reaction (ASR) occurs between cement alkalis and some aggregate types and causes expansion and damage in concrete. The most common and effective way to rate the severity of ASR damage in structural members is to conduct crack imaging and microstructural analysis on the core samples taken from the structures. However, it is also essential to monitor the damage with non-destructive testing methods to identify them without damaging the structure and taking necessary precautions. In this context, Acoustic Emission (AE) is of great benefit for this purpose as an effective method of monitoring active damage. The limited number of studies in the literature to assess alkali–silica reaction by AE are conducted on mortar specimens containing only reactive fine particles as aggregate under RILEM AAR-2 (80 °C, 1 N NaOH) test conditions. In this regard, this paper includes findings of a study in which progress of cracking due to ASR damage monitored by AE during fourteen weeks under RILEM AAR-4 (60 °C, over water in sealed containers) conditions, which allows testing combinations of fine and coarse aggregates. In addition to AE monitoring during the exposure period, expansion and damage rating index (DRI) were determined at different time intervals. This study was further from the existing studies in the literature; DRI identified the type and extent of cracking in either cement paste or aggregate, and AE parameters such as amplitude, energy, duration, and count were associated with the data obtained by DRI analysis. Besides, correlations between expansion, non-destructive and microstructural results were analyzed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for the financial support provided under Project Number 118M240.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Sena Tayfur, Cihat Yüksel, Ninel Alver, Oğuz Akar & Özge Andiç-Çakır

  2. Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA

    Ninel Alver

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  1. Sena Tayfur
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  2. Cihat Yüksel
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Correspondence to Özge Andiç-Çakır.

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Tayfur, S., Yüksel, C., Alver, N. et al. Evaluation of alkali–silica reaction damage in concrete by using acoustic emission signal features and damage rating index: damage monitoring on concrete prisms. Mater Struct 54, 146 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-021-01749-z

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