Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation, characterization and reaction kinetics of green cement: Ecuadorian natural mordenite-based geopolymers

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Materials and Structures Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study was carried out to develop geopolymers derived from mordenite-rich tuffs. First the synthesis of mordenite-based geopolymer was explored through the mix design of three chemical reagents: NaOH, Na4Si5O12, and Ca(OH)2 and varying curing temperature. All the types of synthesized geopolymers were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, quantitative X-ray diffraction, SEM–EDS, TGA–DSC, compressive strength. The best mix design and curing temperature by means of the highest compressive obtained after 24 h were found as NaOH: 10 M, Na4Si5O12/NaOH ratio: 0.5, Ca(OH)2: 3% (w/w), and 60 °C, respectively, which showed values of compressive strength about 10 MPa. Then early age reaction kinetics was established using Avrami–Erofe’ev model. The carbonation, as side effect of reactive ingredient, was also observed during the experiment seemingly without causing any effect on mechanical properties of geopolymers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Habert G, Ouellet-Plamondon C (2016) Recent update on the environmental impact of geopolymers. RILEM Tech Lett 1:17–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Provis JL, van Deventer JSL (2014) Alkali-activated materials: state of the art report. RILEM TC 224-AAM. Springer, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Machiels L, Morante F, Snellings R, Calvo B, Canoira L, Paredes C, Elsen J (2008) Zeolite mineralogy of the Cayo formation in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Appl Clay Sci 42:180–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Machiels L, Garces D, Snellings R, Vilema W, Morante F, Paredes C, Elsen J (2014) Zeolite occurrence and genesis in the late-cretaceous Cayo arc of coastal Ecuador: evidence for zeolite formation in cooling marine pyroclastic flow deposits. Appl Clay Sci 87:108–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hu M, Zhu X, Long F (2009) Alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymers with zeolite or bentonite as additives. Cem Concr Comps 31(10):762–768

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Huang Y, Han M, Yi R (2012) Microstructure and properties of fly ash-based geopolymeric material with 5A zeolite as a filler. Constr Build Mater 33:84–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Villa C, Pecina E, Torres R, Gómez L (2010) Geopolymer synthesis using alkaline activation of natural zeolite. Constr Build Mater 24(11):2084–2090

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Nikolov A, Rostovsky I, Nugteren H (2017) Geopolymer materials based on natural zeolite. Case Stud Constr Mater 6:198–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Haddad R, Alshbuol O (2016) Production of geopolymer concrete using natural pozzolan: a parametric study. Constr Build Mater 114:699–707

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hu N, Bernsmeier D, Grathoff G, Warr L (2017) The influence of alkali activator type, curing temperature and gibbsite on the geopolymerization of an interstratified illite–smectite rich clay from Friedland. Appl Clay Sci 135:236–393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kani EN, Allahverdi A (2009) Effects of curing time and temperature on strength development of inorganic polymeric binder based on natural pozzolan. J Mater Sci 44:3088–3097

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Provis JL, van Deventer JSJ (2007) Direct measurement of the kinetics of geopolymerisation by in-situ energy dispersive X-ray diffractometry. J Mater Sci 42(9):2974–2981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Provis JL, van Deventer JSJ (2007) Geopolymerisation kinetics. 1. In situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffractometry. Chem Eng Sci 62(9):2309–2317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Snellings R, Machiels L, Mertens G, Elsen J (2011) Rietveld refinement strategy for quantitative phase analysis of partially amorphous zeolitized tuffaceous rocks. Geol Belg 13(3):183–196

    Google Scholar 

  15. Snellings R, Mertens G, Hertsens S, Elsen J (2009) The zeolite–lime pozzolanic reaction: reaction kinetics and products by in situ synchroton X-ray powder diffraction. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 126:40–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Snellings R, Mertens G, Cizer O, Elsen J (2010) Early age hydration and pozzolanic reaction: reaction linetics and products in natural zeolite blended cements: reaction kinetics and products by in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. Cem Concr Res 40:1704–1713

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Tyni S, Karppinen J, Tiainen M, Laitinen R (2014) Preparation and characterization of amorphous aluminosilicate polymers from ash formed in combustion of peat and wood mixtures. J Non-Cryst Solids 387:94–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Knotko A, Kravchenko S, Putlyaev V (2013) Distinctive features of the formation of geopolymer aluminosilicate materials. Inorg Mater 49(5):496–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Provis JL, Palomo A, Shi C (2015) Advances in understanding alkali-activated materials. Cem Concr Res 78(Part A):110–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Provis J (2014) Geopolymers and other alkali activated materials: why, how, and what? Mater Struct 47(1–2):11–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Lancellotti I, Catauro M, Ponzoni C, Bollino F, Leonelli C (2013) Inorganic polymers from alkali activation of metakaolin: effect of setting and curing on structure. J Solid State Chem 200:341–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Papa E, Medri V, Benito P, Vaccari A, Bugani S, Jaroszewicz J, Swieszkowski W, Landi E (2015) Synthesis of porous hierarchical geopolymer monoliths by ice-templating. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 215:206–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Heikal MB, Nassar M, El-Sayed G, Ibrahim S (2014) Physico-chemical, mechanical, microstructure and durability characteristics of alkali activated egyptian slag. Constr Build Mater 69:60–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Canfield G, Eichler J, Griffith K, Hearn J (2014) The role of calcium in blended fly ash geopolymers. J Mater Sci 49(17):5922–5933

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Suchy R, Ponzka J, Wasserbauer J, Kalina L (2014) Reduction of efflorescence in the alkali activated systems. Adv Mater Res 1000:314–321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Bondar D, Lynsdale C, Milestone N, Hassani N, Ramezanianpour A (2011) Effect of adding mineral additives to alkali-activated natural pozzolan paste. Constr Build Mater 25(6):2906–2910

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hui Mo B, Zhu H, Min Cui X, He Y, Yu Gong S (2014) Effect of curing temperature on geopolymerization of metakaolin-based geopolymers. Appl Clay Sci 99:144–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Rashad AM (2013) Alkali-activated metakaolin: a short guide for civil engineer an overview. Constr Build Mater 41:751–765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Rovnaník P (2010) Effect of curing temperature on the development of hard structure of metakaolin-based geopolymer. Constr Build Mater 24(7):1176–1183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Ortega A, Maqueda L, Criado J (1995) The problem of discerning Avrami–Erofeev kinetic models from the new controlled rate thermal analysis with constant acceleration of the transformation. Thermochim Acta 254:147–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhang Z, Provis J, Wang H, Bullen F, Reid A (2013) Quantitative kinetic and structural analysis of geopolymers. Part 2. Thermodynamics of sodium silicate activation of metakaolin. Thermochim Acta 565:163–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Research Initiatives’ Project (RIP) ZEIN2012RIP18 in the framework of the Vlaamse Interuniversitaire Raad (VLIR-UOS) for providing financial support. HB would like to express his gratefulness to SENESCYT (Secretaria Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación) of Ecuador for giving him the opportunity to participate in the Prometeo Program. Finally we are very thankful to Laboratorio de Ensayos Metrologicos y de Materiales (LEMAT-ESPOL) Ecuador.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Haci Baykara, Mauricio H. Cornejo, Roberto Murillo, Andrea Gavilanes & Cecilia Paredes

  2. Center of Nanotechnology Research and Development (CIDNA), ESPOL, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Haci Baykara & Mauricio H. Cornejo

  3. Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Louvain, Belgium

    Jan Elsen

Authors
  1. Haci Baykara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mauricio H. Cornejo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Roberto Murillo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Andrea Gavilanes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Cecilia Paredes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jan Elsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haci Baykara.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (docx 4883 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Baykara, H., Cornejo, M.H., Murillo, R. et al. Preparation, characterization and reaction kinetics of green cement: Ecuadorian natural mordenite-based geopolymers. Mater Struct 50, 188 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-017-1057-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-017-1057-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation