Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Behaviour of RC beams strengthened by partial jacketing under cyclic loading

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Materials and Structures Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This work presents a study on the behaviour under cyclic loading of reinforced concrete beams strengthened in bending by the addition of concrete and steel on their tension side using expansion bolts as shear connectors, denominated here as partial jacketing. The experimental program included tests on six full scale reinforced concrete beams, simply supported, with rectangular cross section 150 mm wide and 400 mm high, span of 4,000 mm and total length of 4,500 mm. All the beams, after receiving two cycles of static loading in order to create a pre-cracking condition, were strengthened in bending by partial jacketing and then subjected to cyclic loading until the completion of 2 × 106 cycles or the occurrence of fatigue failure. Following the cyclic loading, the beams that did not fail by fatigue were subjected to a static load up to failure. The main variables were the flexural reinforcement ratio in the beam and in the jacket, the beam–jacket interface condition (smooth or rough) and cyclic load amplitude. On the basis of the obtained test results and the results of previous study of similar beams tested only under static loading, the behaviour of the strengthened beams is discussed and a proposal for their design is given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

A i :

Area of beam–jacket interface

A s :

Cross sectional area of tensile longitudinal reinforcement in the beam

A s':

Cross sectional area of compressive longitudinal reinforcement

A sr :

Cross sectional area of tensile longitudinal reinforcement added in the jacket

A st :

Total cross sectional area of tensile longitudinal reinforcement (A s + A sr)

M u :

Ultimate theoretical bending moment

N :

Number of cycles

P :

Load

P cr :

Cracking load

T r :

Force in the longitudinal jacket steel

b :

Width of the cross-section

d :

Effective depth of the cross-section

d′:

Distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of compression reinforcement

f c :

Mean compressive cylinder strength of concrete

f ck :

Characteristic compressive cylinder strength of concrete

f cd :

Design compressive cylinder strength of concrete

f y :

Mean yield strength of reinforcement

f yd :

Design yield strength of reinforcement

h :

Depth of the cross-section

γ c; γ s :

Partial factor for concrete and steel

Δ:

Deflection

Δι :

Maximum deflection in the initial static loading

Δ1 :

Maximum deflection in the first cycle

Δ Ν :

Maximum deflection in the N cycle

ΔΤ r :

Variation of total force in the longitudinal jacket steel obtained from measured steel strains

Δε s :

Strain variation of longitudinal reinforcement of the beam

Δε sr :

Strain variation of longitudinal reinforcement of the jacket

Δσ s :

Stress variation in the longitudinal reinforcement of the beam

Δσ sr :

Stress variation in the longitudinal reinforcement of the jacket

Δτ ch :

Shear stress variation in the expansion bolt

ε s :

Strain in the longitudinal steel of the beam

ε sr :

Strain in the longitudinal steel of the jacket

ρ r :

Added geometrical steel ratio

ρ t :

Total geometrical steel ratio

ρ w :

Geometrical steel ratio at interface between concretes

σ s :

Stress in the longitudinal reinforcement of the beam

σ sr :

Stress in the longitudinal reinforcement of the jacket

τ :

Nominal shear stress at the beam–jacket interface

φ :

Diameter of a reinforcing bar

cal:

Calculated

exp:

Experimental

max:

Maximum

min:

Minimum

res:

Residual

theo:

Theoretical

u:

Ultimate

References

  1. International Federation for Structural Concrete (2012) Model code 2010: final draft, bulletin n. 65 and 66. International Federation for Structural Concrete, Lausanne, pp 311, 331

  2. Risso MAC (2008) Shear resistance of interfaces between old and new concrete provided by expansion bolts (in Portuguese). M.Sc. thesis, COPPE-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, p 137

  3. Simões M LF (2007) Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by partial jacketing (in Portuguese). M.Sc. thesis, COPPE-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, p 162

  4. Slutter RG, Fisher JW (1966) Fatigue strength of shear connectors. Highway research record, no. 147. American Iron and Steel Institute, New York

  5. Naithani KC, Gupta VK, Gada AD (1988) Behavior of shear connectors under dynamic loads. Mater Struct Mater Constr 21:359–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Faust T, Leffer A, Mesinger M (2000). Fatigue of headed studs embedded in LWAC. In: Second international symposium on structural lightweight aggregate concrete, pp 212–220

  7. Seracino R, Oehlers DJ, Yeo MF (2003) Behaviour of stud shear connectors subjected to bi-directional cyclic loading. Adv Struct Eng 6(1):65–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee PG, Shim CS, Chang SP (2005) Static and fatigue behavior of large stud shear connectors for steel–concrete composite bridge. J Constr Steel Res 61:1270–1285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ahn JH, Kim SH, Jeong YJ (2007) Fatigue experiment of stud welded on steel plate for a new bridge deck system. Steel Compos Struct 7(5):391–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kwon G, Engelhardt MD, Klingner RE (2010) Behavior of post-installed shear connectors under static and fatigue loading. J Constr Steel Res 66:532–541

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Alexandre ALC, Caravello F, Reis MSC, Correia SB (1988) Experimental verification of the behaviour of strengthened reinforced concrete beams (in Portuguese) internal report. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, p 99

    Google Scholar 

  12. Souza RHF (1990) Behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened to flexural and shear (in Portuguese). D. Sc. thesis, Universidade técnica de Lisboa, Lisbon, p 235

  13. Liew SC, Cheong HK (1991) Flexural behavior of jacketed RC beams. Concr Int 13:43–47

    Google Scholar 

  14. Piancastelli EM (1997) Behaviour and performance of the bending strengthening of reinforced concrete beams loaded at early age (in Portuguese). M.Sc. thesis, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, p 179

  15. Cheong HK, MacAlevey N (2000) Experimental behavior of jacketed reinforced concrete beams. ASCE J Struct Eng 126:692–699

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Altun F (2004) An experimental study of the jacketed reinforced-concrete beams under bending. Constr Build Mater 18:611–618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shehata IAEM, Shehata LCD, Santos EWF, Simões MLF (2009) Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by partial jacketing. Mater Struct 42:495–504

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Al-Kuait AS (2010) Strengthening of cracked reinforced concrete T-beam by jacketing. J Eng 16:5753–5771

    Google Scholar 

  19. Santos EWF (2006) Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by partial jacketing (in Portuguese). M.Sc. thesis, COPPE-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, p 145

  20. Comité Euro-international du Béton (1993) CEB-FIP Model Code 1990. Comité Euro-international du Béton, Lausanne, p 437

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank HOLCIM and the Brazilian Government financing agencies CNPq and CAPES for supporting this project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE – The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68506, CEP 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Ana Paula Rodrigues Vaz & Ibrahim Abd El Malik Shehata

  2. UFF; COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Lidia da Conceição Domingues Shehata

  3. UFG, Goiânia, Brazil

    Ronaldo Barros Gomes

Authors
  1. Ana Paula Rodrigues Vaz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ibrahim Abd El Malik Shehata
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lidia da Conceição Domingues Shehata
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ronaldo Barros Gomes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ibrahim Abd El Malik Shehata.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vaz, A.P.R., Shehata, I.A.E.M., da Conceição Domingues Shehata, L. et al. Behaviour of RC beams strengthened by partial jacketing under cyclic loading. Mater Struct 47, 383–396 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0067-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0067-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation