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Analysis of dowelled timber to timber moment-resisting joints

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Abstract

Dowelled joints, widely used in timber structures, are designed to transfer shear forces and bending moments between timber members. The anisotropic non-linear behaviour of the timber beneath the fasteners controls the stiffness of these joints. At the ultimate load-carrying capacity, the failure modes result from the shear stresses induced by the load distribution among the fasteners. The paper presents the experimental results obtained for beam to column joint with or without reinforcement using glued plywood plates. Based on these results, a two-dimensional finite element model was developed in two stages to describe the three-dimensional behaviour of the joint. At the single fastener scale, the model considers the non-linearity induced by the timber embedding and the fastener bending. At the structural scale, the modelling approach considers the timber as an elastic orthotropic material whereas each fastener is modelled by two non-linear springs. The elastic-plastic behaviour of each spring element is defined by the local scale model defined in two perpendicular directions. The load distribution among the fasteners is compared to the analytical results according to design rules. Considering the global load displacement curves, the results show that the modelling approach provides a good estimation of the structural response.

Résumé

Les liaisons par broches ou boulons, largement utilisés dans les structures en bois, sont conçus pour transmettre des efforts en cisaillement et des moments de flexion entre les éléments assemblés. Le comportement non-linéaire anisotrope du bois sous les organes d’assemblage contrôle la rigidité de ces liaisons. Au niveau de la capacité portante ultime, les modes de ruine résultent des contraintes de cisaillement induites par la distribution des efforts entre organes d’assemblage. Le papier présente les résultats expérimentaux obtenus pour un assemblage poteau-poutre avec ou sans renforcement par plaques collées en contre-plaqué. A partir de ces résultats, un modèle éléments finis bidimensionnel a été développé en deux étapes pour décrire le comportement tridimensionnel de l’assemblage. À l’échelle de l’organe unitaire, le modèle considère la non-linéarité induite par l’enfoncement du bois et la flexion de la tige. À l’échelle structurale, l’approche de modélisation considère le bois comme un matériau élastique orthotrope tandis que chaque organe d’assemblage est modélisé par deux ressorts non-linéaires. Le comportement élasto-plastique de chaque ressort est caractérisé par le modèle local défini dans deux directions perpendiculaires (plan de la tige et plan perpendiculaire). La distribution des efforts entre organes est comparée aux résultats analytiques donnés par les règles habituelles de calcul. En considérant les courbes globales force-déplacement, les résultats montrent que la modélisation donne une bonne évaluation de la réponse structurale.

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Bouchaïr, A., Racher, P. & Bocquet, J.F. Analysis of dowelled timber to timber moment-resisting joints. Mater Struct 40, 1127–1141 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-006-9210-0

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