Abstract
The experimental study of the resistance to adhesive wear of low-alloy steel through friction tests is presented. The steel was manufactured in an induction furnace from AISI-1018 steel with additions of FeMn and FeSi. Subsequently, it was hot rolled and heat treated to obtain the microstructure of a Transformation-induced Plasticity (TRIP) steel with σu = 890 MPa, S = 30.75%, and hardness of 22 HRC. Friction tests were carried out according to the ASTM G-77 standard with three different loads (52.6, 103.5, and 154.4 N), and the friction coefficients and wear mechanisms were determined. The results show that, by increasing the load, the coefficient of friction decreases by 47%, this reduction could be associated with a martensitic transformation induced by plasticity on the surface. The wear mechanisms observed for the three loads were adhesion with accumulated and oxidative material flow and the fatigue mechanism only occurred for the 154-N load.
Graphical abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. In addition, some data are provided as supplementary material.
References
R. Rana, S.B. Singh, Automotive steels: design, metallurgy, processing and applications (Woodhead Publishing, Sawston, 2016)
Worldautosteel.org (2016) Advanced high-strength steels application guidelines, http://www.worldautosteel.org/download_files/AHSS%20Guidelines%20V6/00_AHSSGuidelines_V6_20170430.pdf. Accessed 17 Jul 2023
V.F. Zackay, E.R. Parker, D. Fahr, R. Busch, ASM Trans Quart 60, 2 (1967)
N. Fonstein, Advanced high strength sheet steels, 1st edn. (Springer International Publishing, New York, NY, USA, 2015), pp.191–200
M. Sabzi, M. Farzam, Mater. Res. Express (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3ee3
S. Bhattacharyya, Wear (1966). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(66)90136-0
Z. Tourki, H. Bargui, H. Sidhom, J. Mater. Process. Technol. (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.08.010
E. Van der Heide, D.J. Schipper, Wear (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00324-7
J.Y. Choi, W. Jin, Scr. Mater. (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(96)00338-7
J.P. Riviere, C. Brin, J.P. Villain, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-002-1481-x
W. Hübner, Tribol. Int. (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-679X(01)00006-8
W. Hübner, A. Pyzalla, K. Aßmus, E. Wild, T. Wroblewski, Wear (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00164-9
A. Soulami, K.S. Choi, Y.F. Shen, W. Liu, X. Sun, M.A. Khaleel, Mater Sci Eng A (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.10.031
O. Acselrad, A. Ribeiro de Souza, I.S. Kalashnikov, S.S. Camargo Jr., Wear (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.07.004
D. Bu, H. Peng, Y. Wen, N. Li, Mater. Des. (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.01.032
Standard ASTM E18-15, Standard test methods for rockwell hardness of metallic materials (2015). https://www.astm.org/e0018-15.html. Accessed 9 Jan 2023
Standard ASTM E975-13, Standard practice for X-ray determination of retained austenite in steel with near random crystallographic orientation (2013). https://www.astm.org/e0975-13.html. Accessed 9 Jan 2023
Standard ASTM G-77, Standard test method for ranking resistance of materials to sliding wear using block-on-ring wear test (2017). https://www.astm.org/g0077-17.html. Accessed 9 Jan 2023
P. Jacques, Phase transformations in transformation induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted multiphase steels, in Phase Transformations in Steels. ed. by E. Pereloma, D. Edmonds (Woodhead Publishing, Portsmouth, 2012), p.680
D. Dowson, History of tribology (Professional Engineering Publ, London, 1998)
L. Ceschini, C. Martini, A. Morri, Tribol. Int. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2015.07.032
I. Mejía, A. Bedolla-Jacuinde, J.R. Pablo, Wear (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2013.01.054
S. Katoch, R. Sehgal, V. Singh, Tribol. Mater. Surf. Interfaces (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2016.1263030
Z.Y. Yang, M.G.S. Naylor, D.A. Rigney, Wear (1985). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(85)90007-9
I.A. Inman, P.K. Datta, H.L. Du, J.S. Burnell-Gray, S. Pierzgalski, Tribol. Int. (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2005.02.007
I.I. Garbar, Tribol. Int. (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-679X(02)00032-4
M. Wang, C. Zhang, D. Sun, Z. Yang, F. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Technol. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/02670836.2019.1613043
Y.S. Lee, K. Ishikawa, M. Okayasu, Metals Mater. Int. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-018-00229-4
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the IIMM-UMSNH, TecNM-ITM, and the UASLP Institute of Metallurgy for the facilities granted to carry out this work, a special recognition to Eng. Jaime López Soria from TecNM-ITM for his support in the merger of the steel, as well as the M.C. Claudia Guadalupe Elías Alfaro from the Institute of Metallurgy of the UASLP for her support in the characterization of samples.
Funding
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
JSP-C conceived the experiments and wrote the article. PG-G performed the experiments. FVG-L contributed to the casting processes and analyzed the experimental results. JJC-R analyzed the data and performed microstructural characterization.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Pacheco-Cedeño, JS., Garnica-González, P., Guerra-López, F.V. et al. Tribological behavior of a steel transformation induced by plasticity (TRIP) subjected to adhesive wear. MRS Advances 8, 1161–1166 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-023-00690-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-023-00690-3