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Carbon nanomaterials synthesis by chemical vapor deposition from conifer exudate

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Abstract

Carbon nanostructures were synthesized using coniferous exudate commonly known as rosin as precursor due their high carbon content, low cost, and because it is a renewable material with high availability. The synthesis of the carbon nanostructures (CNSs) was carried out by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique with a stainless steel AISI 304 bar as catalyst and argon as the carrier gas at 750, 800, 850, and 900 °C during 30 and 60 min at atmospheric pressure. The scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the formation of mostly spherical and some tubular carbon nanostructures of different diameters. The carbon spheres at higher temperatures are more defined; however, they tend to agglomerate. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis demonstrated 84–99% of carbon, 0.25–15.69% of oxygen, and traces of chromium and iron. The Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated the presence of OH, C=O, C=C, and CHx functional groups. The presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups can be useful for higher interaction of CNSs with different materials in some usage. Typical D, G, and G′ bands of CNSs were observed by Raman spectroscopy. The ID/IG ratio show high degree of graphitization of CNSs. The value of IG′/IG ratio indicates that the CNSs are multilayer. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the CNSs obtained at 30 min are more crystalline. The CNSs synthesized from rosin by CVD can be used in different fields of science and technology.

Graphical abstract

Raman spectra of nanostructures obtained from rosin by CVD

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Acknowledgments

CIC of the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, MICRONA of the Universidad Veracruzana, Tecnológico Nacional México/Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia, ENES UNAM Campus Morelia, and CONACYT México.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Felicitas del Río, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Juan Luis Ignacio-De la Cruz, David Ricardo Poiré-De la Cruz, María Remedios Cisneros-Magaña, Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez, Nelly Flores-Ramirez & Lada Domratcheva-Lvova

  2. División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional México/Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia, Avenida Tecnológico 1500, 58120, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Carmen Judith Gutiérrez-García

  3. ENES, UNAM, Unidad Morelia, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, 58190, Morelia, Mich., Mexico

    Orlando Hernández-Cristóbal

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  1. Juan Luis Ignacio-De la Cruz
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Correspondence to Lada Domratcheva-Lvova.

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Ignacio-De la Cruz, J.L., Gutiérrez-García, C.J., Poiré-De la Cruz, D.R. et al. Carbon nanomaterials synthesis by chemical vapor deposition from conifer exudate. MRS Advances 7, 668–673 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-022-00372-6

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