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Low-viscosity single phase acid system for acid fracturing in deep carbonate reservoirs

  • Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Materials for Hydrocarbon Recovery Research Letter
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Abstract

A comprehensive reaction kinetics study was conducted on a new single phase acid system comprised of a pre-engineered blend of an alkyl sulfonic acid and a strong mineral acid. The experiments were performed at 3000 psi and temperature range (180–350°F) using a rotating disk apparatus. The diffusion coefficient was found to be similar to that of 15 wt% HCl-emulsified acid systems. The single phase acid is a blend of two aqueous acids; therefore, the preparation is fast, and the resulted quality is consistent. The low viscosity helps reduce friction losses when pumping at high rates through tubular, maximizing the downhole pressure.

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Abbreviations

A :

The pre-exponential factor (constant for each chemical reaction)

A c :

Cross-sectional area of the disk, cm2

A 0 :

Initial surface area of the disk, cm2

C b :

Reactant concentration in the bulk solution, gmole/cm3

C s :

Concentration of H+ on the surface (gmole/cm3)

D e :

Effective diffusion coefficient, cm2/s

E a :

The reaction activation energy, kcal/gmole

(−E a/R):

The slope of the straight-line plot of kr as a function of absolute temperature

J mt :

Mass transfer rate of HCl from the bulk to the disk (gmole/cm2 s)

k :

Specific reaction rate (gmole/cm2 s) (gmole/cm3)−n

k o :

The pre-exponential factor (frequency factor) in gmole(1−m) cm(3 m−2)s−1

k mt :

Mass transfer coefficient (cm/s)

n :

Reaction order, dimensionless

RH + :

Initial dissolution rate, gmole/s cm2

R :

Universal gas constant, 8.31 J/(mole.°K)

T :

The absolute temperature (in degree Kelvin)

φ:

Core porosity, fraction

ν :

Kinematic viscosity, cm2/s

ω :

Disk rotational speed, rad/s

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mr. Tim Luce, Mr. Nam Mai, Ms. Nicole Shimek, and Mr. Brent Cooper for their assistance in the experimental work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aramco Services Company: Aramco Research Center-Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Mohammed Sayed, Fakuen Chang & Amy J. Cairns

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  1. Mohammed Sayed
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  2. Fakuen Chang
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Correspondence to Mohammed Sayed.

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Sayed, M., Chang, F. & Cairns, A.J. Low-viscosity single phase acid system for acid fracturing in deep carbonate reservoirs. MRS Communications 11, 796–803 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43579-021-00135-8

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