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SEM analysis of pop-ins manifested in layered porous geological material

  • Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Materials for Hydrocarbon Recovery Research Letter
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Abstract

Nanoindentation pop-ins in composite source shale were characterized as Type I and Type II, where the slopes on load–displacement (p–h) curves are defined as Δp/Δh = 0 or Δp/Δh > 0, respectively. Type I were associated with sudden instantaneous failure as elastic perfectly plastic “Coulomb-type” and sudden grain dislodging, while Type II were related to shear band progressive failure and/or grain sliding or progressive pile-up. Pop-ins were primarily observed when indenting perpendicular to the shale layers. Estimating magnitudes of pop-in energy dissipation varied widely with shale matrix phases. Meanwhile, Type III pop-ins defined by Δp/Δh < 0, were never observed.

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Data generated or analyzed are included in this article, the supplementary information file, or can be made available upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Jordan Kone for assistance with SEM imaging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aramco Research Center—Houston, Aramco Americas, 16300 Park Row, Houston, TX, 77084, USA

    Katherine L. Hull

  2. School of Geosciences, Integrated PoroMechanics Institute, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA

    Younane N. Abousleiman

Authors
  1. Katherine L. Hull
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Correspondence to Katherine L. Hull.

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Hull, K.L., Abousleiman, Y.N. SEM analysis of pop-ins manifested in layered porous geological material. MRS Communications 11, 747–754 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43579-021-00102-3

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