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Enhanced stability and decreased size limit for magnetic vortex state in thin permalloy nanodisk by radial modulation of thickness

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Abstract

Magnetization reversal in thin cylindrical nanodisks with radius between 20 and 100 nm is investigated with particular emphasis to modulation of disk thickness. The nanodisk is kept 1 nm thin at the center, whereas it gradually thickens to 21 nm at the periphery. The thickness modulation stabilizes the vortex closure state as the ground state in nanodisk for radius as low as 20 nm. An onion state appears at remanence during in-plane magnetization reversal. Nudged elastic band method verifies that the vortex state is highly stable in all the nanodisks. In the nanodisk of 100 nm radius, the vortex state requires an energy of 2677 kT to transit into onion state where kT is thermal energy at room temperature. This stability however reduces with size of nanodisk and the smallest nanodisk of 20 nm radius has to surpass an energy barrier of 120 kT to topple over to onion state.

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All data acquired by the authors in this work can be made available on reasonable request to the corresponding authors.

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Acknowledgments

Akhila Priya Kotti would like to thank Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), New Delhi, for providing financial assistance for carrying out this work. The authors would like to express their gratitude toward Dr. Sraban Kumar Mohanty (IIITDM Jabalpur) for extending the computing facilities to carry out this work.

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  1. Natural Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482005, India

    Akhila Priya Kotti & Amaresh Chandra Mishra

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APK performed all the experimental work, collected, and analyzed the data and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. ACM formulated the idea, supervised the work, and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Amaresh Chandra Mishra.

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Kotti, A.P., Mishra, A.C. Enhanced stability and decreased size limit for magnetic vortex state in thin permalloy nanodisk by radial modulation of thickness. Journal of Materials Research (2024). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01431-4

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