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Experimental analysis of stability, thermal conductivity and photothermal behaviour of amine functionalised graphene oxide nanofluid

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Abstract

Nanofluids are of interest for demanding heat transfer applications especially for electronics area but their stability still needs to be addressed. This paper reports investigations into stability, thermal conductivity, rheological behaviour and photo-thermal behaviour of amine functionalised graphene oxide (f-GO)/deionised water (D.I.) based nanofluids. Functionalisation of GO with amine enhances the hydrophilicity of GO and hence, improves the dispersibility. Nanofluids are prepared using two-step method by suspending synthesised f-GO nanoparticles in D.I water. These f-GO/D.I. water nanofluids are found to best stable, the as-prepared nanofluids showed enhanced photothermal response and solar energy absorption capability. Moreover, through careful control of the nanoparticles concentration and direction of illumination, highly uniform temperature distribution (temperature spread of approximately 1% only) has been achieved. Furthermore, enhancements in thermal conductivity (@at 55 °C) of the f-GO/D.I water nanofluids are found to be 33.44%, 35.91% and 40.04% for 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt% and 0.1 wt%, respectively. Corresponding theoretical model based fitting for the thermal conductivity is also reported. In terms of rheological behaviour, it was found that higher shear rate (50 s−1) showed Newtonian behaviour of prepare nanofluids. It can be concluded from the obtained results that the synthesised nanofluid possess excellent photothermal response, enhanced thermal conductivity along with remarkable stability and hence be of potential use for heat transfer as well as photo-thermal energy conversion and transport.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are obliged to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)—Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (Chandigarh) India, for providing the facilities and infrastructure for this work. We are grateful to Dr. Naveen Kumar, Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (Haryana), India for facilitating the use of probe sonicator. GS is thankful to Ms. Sarabjot Kaur, CSIR-Central Scientific Instrumentation Organisation (Chandigarh), AcSIR, India for providing with her valuable time helping in editing and formatting the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh, 160030, India

    Gourav Sharma & Sanjeev Soni

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India

    Gourav Sharma & Sanjeev Soni

  3. Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India

    Vikrant Khullar

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  1. Gourav Sharma
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  2. Vikrant Khullar
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Contributions

GS: Conceptualisation, Experimentation including synthesis and characterisation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Manuscript drafting. SS: Conceptualisation, Formal analysis, Review, Editing, Finalisation of manuscript, Overall guidance and supervision. VK: Experimentation, analysis, Manuscript review and editing.

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Correspondence to Sanjeev Soni.

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Sharma, G., Khullar, V. & Soni, S. Experimental analysis of stability, thermal conductivity and photothermal behaviour of amine functionalised graphene oxide nanofluid. Journal of Materials Research 38, 4465–4476 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-023-01160-0

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