Abstract
Supercapacitors play a crucial role in energy storage field in virtue of their high power density. However, their flexibility and energy density are still challenging to be improved for wearable electronics and other applications. Herein, carbon cloth (CC) is used as flexible substrate to incorporate NiO nanoparticles with a hydrothermal method, and to coat with graphene by a dip-coating treatment. The NiO with high redox activity and CC with excellent flexibility and conductivity enable fast ionic/charge transfer characteristics and superior electrochemical performances. Moreover, the flexible asymmetric supercapacitors (FASCs) are assembled, demonstrating a large potential window of 1.5 V, a high energy density of 33.1 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 750.0 W kg−1, a high capacitance retention of 92.6% after 10,000 cycles, and good flexibility. This work demonstrates great potential of the as-fabricated FASCs for future flexible wearable energy storage devices.
Graphical abstract
Carbon cloth (CC) was used as flexible substrate to incorporate NiO nanoparticles with a hydrothermal method (named as NiO/CC) and to coat with graphene by a dip-coating treatment (named as G/CC). The flexible, conductive CC remarkably enhanced the conductivity and structural stability of electrodes. Moreover, the as-fabricated flexible supercapacitors demonstrated a large potential window of 1.5 V, a high energy density of 33.1 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 750.0 W kg−1, a high capacitance retention of 92.6% after 10,000 cycles, and good flexibility.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
References
C. Choi, D.S. Ashby, D.M. Butts, R.H. DeBlock, Q. Wei, J. Lau, B. Dunn, Achieving high energy density and high power density with pseudocapacitive materials. Nat. Rev. Mater. 5(1), 5–19 (2020)
G. Wang, Z. Lu, Y. Li, L. Li, H. Ji, A. Feteira, D. Zhou, D. Wang, S. Zhang, I.M. Reaney, Electroceramics for high-energy density capacitors: current status and future perspectives. Chem. Rev. 121(10), 6124–6172 (2021)
G. Pacchioni, Superelectrodes for supercapacitors. Nat. Rev. Mater. 4(10), 625–625 (2019)
C. Zhong, Y. Deng, W. Hu, J. Qiao, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, A review of electrolyte materials and compositions for electrochemical supercapacitors. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44(21), 7484–7539 (2015)
M. Fu, R. Lv, Y. Lei, M. Terrones, Ultralight flexible electrodes of nitrogen-doped carbon macrotube sponges for high-performance supercapacitors. Small 17(1), 2004827 (2021)
M. Fu, W. Chen, X. Zhu, Q. Liu, One-step preparation of one dimensional nickel ferrites/graphene composites for supercapacitor electrode with excellent cycling stability. J. Power Sources 396, 41–48 (2018)
Z. Zhu, F. Gao, Z. Zhang, Q. Zhuang, H. Yu, Y. Huang, Q. Liu, M. Fu, Synthesis of the cathode and anode materials from discarded surgical masks for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 603, 157–164 (2021)
J.V. Vaghasiya, C.C. Mayorga-Martinez, M. Pumera, Flexible energy generation and storage devices: focus on key role of heterocyclic solid-state organic ionic conductors. Chem. Soc. Rev. 49(21), 7819–7844 (2020)
L.L. Zhang, X.S. Zhao, Carbon-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes. Chem. Soc. Rev. 38(9), 2520–2531 (2009)
M. Fu, J. Huang, S. Feng, T. Zhang, P.-C. Qian, W.-Y. Wong, One-step solid-state pyrolysis of bio-wastes to synthesize multi-hierarchical porous carbon for ultra-long life supercapacitors. Mater. Chem. Front. 5(5), 2320–2327 (2021)
Z. Zhu, Z. Zhang, Q. Zhuang, F. Gao, Q. Liu, X. Zhu, M. Fu, Growth of MnCo2O4 hollow nano-spheres on activated carbon cloth for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 492, 229669 (2021)
X. Zhou, X. Gao, M. Liu, C. Wang, F. Chu, Synthesis of 3D phosphorus doped graphene foam in carbon cloth to support V2O5/CoMoS4 hybrid for flexible all-solid-state asymmetry supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 453, 227902 (2020)
Q. Zhuang, W. Li, Z. Zhu, H. Yu, W. Chen, Y. Jing, M. Fu, Facile growth of hierarchical SnO2@PPy composites on carbon cloth as all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors. J. Alloys Compd. 906, 164275 (2022)
S. Yan, K.P. Abhilash, L. Tang, M. Yang, Y. Ma, Q. Xia, Q. Guo, H. Xia, Research advances of amorphous metal oxides in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Small 15(4), 1804371 (2019)
Y. Zhou, H. Qi, J. Yang, Z. Bo, F. Huang, M.S. Islam, X. Lu, L. Dai, R. Amal, C.H. Wang, Z. Han, Two-birds-one-stone: multifunctional supercapacitors beyond traditional energy storage. Energy Environ. Sci. 14(4), 1854–1896 (2021)
M.F. El-Kady, Y. Shao, R.B. Kaner, Graphene for batteries, supercapacitors and beyond. Nat. Rev. Mater. 1(7), 16033 (2016)
Z. Zhao, K. Xia, Y. Hou, Q. Zhang, Z. Ye, J. Lu, Designing flexible, smart and self-sustainable supercapacitors for portable/wearable electronics: from conductive polymers. Chem. Soc. Rev. 50(22), 12702–12743 (2021)
Y. Du, L. Huang, Y. Wang, K. Yang, J. Tang, Y. Wang, M. Cheng, Y. Zhang, M.J. Kipper, L.A. Belfiore, W.S. Ranil, Recent developments in graphene-based polymer composite membranes: preparation, mass transfer mechanism, and applications. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 136(28), 47761 (2019)
Z. Han, X. Xiao, H. Qu, M. Hu, C. Au, A. Nashalian, X. Xiao, Y. Wang, L. Yang, F. Jia, T. Wang, Z. Ye, P. Servati, L. Huang, Z. Zhu, J. Tang, J. Chen, Ultrafast and selective nanofiltration enabled by graphene oxide membranes with unzipped carbon nanotube networks. ACS Appl. Mater. Interface 14(1), 1850–1860 (2022)
Z. Zhang, L. Huang, Y. Wang, K. Yang, Y. Du, Y. Wang, M.J. Kipper, L.A. Belfiore, J. Tang, Theory and simulation developments of confined mass transport through graphene-based separation membranes. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22(11), 6032–6057 (2020)
J. El Nady, A. Shokry, M. Khalil, S. Ebrahim, A.M. Elshaer, M. Anas, One-step electrodeposition of a polypyrrole/NiO nanocomposite as a supercapacitor electrode. Sci. Rep. 12(1), 3611–3611 (2022)
C. Lu, X. Chen, Latest advances in flexible symmetric supercapacitors: from material engineering to wearable applications. Acc. Chem. Res. 53(8), 1468–1477 (2020)
L. Wang, H. Yang, X. Liu, R. Zeng, M. Li, Y. Huang, X. Hu, Constructing hierarchical tectorum-like alpha-Fe2O3/PPy nanoarrays on carbon cloth for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors. Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 56(4), 1105–1110 (2017)
X. Han, J. Li, J. Lu, S. Luo, J. Wan, B. Li, C. Hu, X. Cheng, High mass-loading NiCo-LDH nanosheet arrays grown on carbon cloth by electrodeposition for excellent electrochemical energy storage. Nano Energy 86, 106079 (2021)
K.A. Owusu, L. Qu, J. Li, Z. Wang, K. Zhao, C. Yang, K.M. Hercule, C. Lin, C. Shi, Q. Wei, L. Zhou, L. Mai, Low-crystalline iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticle anode for high-performance supercapacitors. Nat. Commun. 8, 14264 (2017)
B.P. Reddy, K. Mallikarjuna, M. Kumar, M.C. Sekhar, Y. Suh, S.-H. Park, Highly porous metal organic framework derived NiO hollow spheres and flowers for oxygen evolution reaction and supercapacitors. Ceram. Int. 47(3), 3312–3321 (2021)
K.K. Sahu, R.K. Sahoo, L.D. Beshra, M. Mohapatra, Facile synthesis of nickel oxalate@carbon as electrical double layer and its derived nickel oxide as pseudo-type supercapacitor electrodes. Ionics 27(2), 819–832 (2021)
K. Xu, S. Ma, Y. Shen, Q. Ren, J. Yang, X. Chen, J. Hu, CuCo2O4 nanowire arrays wrapped in metal oxide nanosheets as hierarchical multicomponent electrodes for supercapacitors. Chem. Eng. J. 369, 363–369 (2019)
Z. Fang, S.U. Rehman, M. Sun, Y. Yuan, S. Jin, H. Bi, Hybrid NiO–CuO mesoporous nanowire array with abundant oxygen vacancies and a hollow structure as a high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor. J. Mater. Chem. A 6(42), 21131–21142 (2018)
M. Fu, Z. Zhu, Z. Zhang, Q. Zhuang, W. Chen, Q. Liu, Microwave deposition synthesis of Ni(OH)2/sorghum stalk biomass carbon electrode materials for supercapacitors. J. Alloys Compd. 846, 156376 (2020)
X. Li, R. Ding, W. Shi, Q. Xu, D. Ying, Y. Huang, E. Liu, Hierarchical porous Co(OH)F/Ni(OH)2: a new hybrid for supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 265, 455–473 (2018)
C. Zhao, R. Wang, Y. Zhang, L. Chen, T. Li, X. Deng, P. Zhang, X. Lu, Electrostatic force-driven anchoring of Ni(OH)2 nanocrystallites on single-layer MoS2 for high-performance asymmetric hybrid supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 320, 134591 (2019)
Q. He, H. Wang, N. Lun, Y. Qi, J. Liu, J. Feng, J. Qiu, Y.J. Bai, Fabricating a Mn3O4/Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite by water-boiling treatment for use in asymmetric supercapacitors as an electrode material. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6(11), 15688–15696 (2018)
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2021MB095), Science and Technology Project of Qingdao West Coast New Area (Grant No. 2020-91), Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Young Innovative Talent Introduction and Cultivation Team [Hydrogen energy chemistry innovation team].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fu, M., Yang, J., Gao, M. et al. Carbon cloth coated with NiO nanoparticles and graphene for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors. Journal of Materials Research 37, 3922–3930 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00640-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00640-z