Abstract
While it is conventionally thought that liquids turn to solids at their “freezing” point, it is often the case that materials must be supercooled (cooled below the freezing temperature) before nucleation actually happens. There is growing evidence that coupled processes, including chemical–structural ordering and orientational–translational ordering, are among the factors that affect exactly when and how nucleation occurs in liquids and crystals. Recent density functional calculations have demonstrated that such coupled routes, which are not incorporated within the one-dimensional framework of the classical theory, can dramatically influence the overall nucleation process. Here, some recently observed cases in metal alloys are discussed, establishing a relationship between developing order in undercooled liquids and the nucleation barrier, the influence of magnetic ordering on nucleation in Co-based melts, and the role of interfacial structure and chemistry on the catalytic efficiency of inoculants for heterogeneous nucleation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D.B. Fahrenheit, Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London 33 (1724) p.78.
D. Turnbull and R.E. Cech, J. Appl. Phys. 21 (1950) p.804.
D. Turnbull, J.Chem. Phys. 20 (1952) p.411.
K.F. Kelton, in Solid State Physics, Vol.45, edited by H. Ehrenreich and D. Turnbull (Academic Press, Boston, 1991) p.75.
K.F. Kelton, Acta Mater. 48 (2000) p.1967.
K.F. Kelton, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 274 (2000) p.147.
D.M. Herlach, R.F. Cochrane, I. Egry, H.J. Fecht, and A.L. Greer, Int. Mater. Rev. 38 (1993) p.273.
D.M. Herlach, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 21 (1991) p.23.
W.-K. Rhim, S.K. Chung, D. Barber, K.F. Man, G. Gutt, A.J. Rulison, and R.E. Spjut, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64 (1993) p.2961.
A.J. Rulison, J.L. Watkins, and B. Zambrano, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68 (1997) p.2853.
T. Schenk, D. Holland-Moritz, V. Simonet, R. Bellissent, and D.M. Herlach, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89075507 (2002).
D. Holland-Moritz, T. Schenk, R. Bellissent, V. Simonet, K. Funakoshi, J.M. Merino, T. Buslaps, and S. Reutzel, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 312–314 (2002) p.47.
K.F. Kelton, G.W. Lee, A.K. Gangopadhyay, R.W. Hyers, T. Rathz, J. Rogers, M.B. Robinson, and D. Robinson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90195504 (2003).
C. Nothoff, H. Franz, M. Hanfland, D.M. Herlach, D. Holland-Moritz, and W. Petry, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71 (2000) p.3791.
C. Nothoff, B. Feuerbacher, H. Franz, D.M. Herlach, and D. Holland-Moritz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) p.1038.
F.C. Frank, Proc. Royal Soc. London, A 215 (1952) p.43.
S. Sachdev and D.R. Nelson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53 (1984) p.1947.
N. Jakse and A. Pasturel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91195501 (2003).
G.W. Lee, A.K. Gangopadhyay, K.F. Kelton, R.W. Hyers, T.J. Rathz, J.R. Rogers, and D. Robinson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 9337802 (2004).
A. Di Cicco, A. Trapananti, S. Faggioni, and A. Filipponi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91135505 (2003).
R.G. Hennig, M. Mihalkovic, K.F. Kelton, and C.L. Henley, Phys. Rev. B. 67134202 (2003).
T. Schenk, V. Simonet, D. Holland-Moritz, R. Bellissent, T. Hansen, P. Convert, and D.M. Herlach, Europhys. Lett. 65 (2004) p.34.
F. Spaepen, Acta Metall. 23 (1975) p.729.
F. Spaepen and R.B. Meyer, Scripta Metall. 10 (1976) p.257.
D. Holland-Moritz, Int. J. Non-Equilib. Process. 11 (1998) p.169.
D. Platzek, C. Nothoff, D.M. Herlach, G. Jacobs, and K. Maier, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65 (1994) p.1723.
J. Reske, D.M. Herlach, F. Keuser, K. Maier, and D. Platzek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) p. 737.
D. Herlach, C. Bührer, D.M. Herlach, K. Maier, C. Nothoff, D. Platzek, and J. Reske, Europhys. Lett. 44 (1998) p.98.
D.M. Herlach, D. Holland-Moritz, T. Schenk, K. Schneider, G. Wilde, O. Boni, J. Fransaer, and F. Spaepen, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 250–252 (1999) p.271.
T. Schenk, D. Holland-Moritz, and D.M. Herlach, Europhys. Lett. 50 (2000) p.402.
T. Albrecht, C. Bührer, M. Fgähnle, K. Maier, D. Platzek, and J. Reske, Appl. Phys. A. 65 (1997) p.215.
J. Schade, A. McLean, and W.A. Miller, in Undercooled Alloy Phases, edited by E.W. Collings and C.C. Koch (Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1986) p.233.
T. Volkmann, G. Wilde, R. Willnecker, and D.M. Herlach, J.Appl. Phys. 83 (1998) p.3028.
D. Holland-Moritz and F. Spaepen, Philos. Mag. 84 (2004) p.957.
R. Willnecker, D.M. Herlach, and B. Feuer-bacher, Mat. Sci. Eng. 98 (1998) p.85.
R.E. Cech and D. Turnbull, J. Metals 191 (1951) p.242.
A.L. Greer, A.M. Bunn, A. Tronche, P.V. Evans, and D.J. Bristow, Acta Mater. 48 (2000) p. 2823.
K.E. Zachariassen and E. Kristiansen, Cryobiol. 41 (2000) p.257.
J.W. Christian, The Theory of Transformations in Metals and Alloys (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1975) p.448.
W.T. Kim and B. Cantor, Acta Metall. Mater. 42 (1994) p.3115.
E. Schleip, D.M. Herlach, and B. Feuerbacher, Europhys. Lett. 11 (1990) p.751.
G.P. Jones, in Solidification Processing, edited by J. Beech and H. Jones (Institute of Metals, London, 1987) p.496.
E. Johnson, Science 296 (2002) p.497.
S.E. Donnelly, R.C. Birtcher, C.W. Allen, I. Morrison, K. Furuya, M. Song, K. Mitsuishi, and U. Dahmen, Science 296 (2002) p.507.
P. Schumacher and A.L. Greer, in Light Metals, edited by W. Hale (The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, 1996) p.745.
A.L. Greer, P.S. Cooper, M.W. Meredith, W. Schneider, P. Schumacher, J.A. Spittle, and A. Tronche, Adv. Eng. Mater. 5 (2003) p.81.
D.W. Oxtoby, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 4 (1992) p.7627.
D.W. Oxtoby, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 361 (2003) p.419.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kelton, K.F., Greer, A.L., Herlach, D.M. et al. The Influence of Order on the Nucleation Barrier. MRS Bulletin 29, 940–944 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.264
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.264