References
B. Bowers, Lengthening the Day: A History of Lighting Technology (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998).
J.R. Coaton and A.M. Marsden, eds., Lamps and Lighting (Arnold, London, 1997).
A. Lidow, in Proc. APEC’99—14th Annu. Applied Power Electronics Conf., Vol. 1 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, NJ, 1999) p.10.
A. ukauskas Z, M.S. Shur, and R. Gaska, Introduction to Solid-State Lighting (J. Wiley and Sons, New York) to be published.
G.B. Stringfellow and M.G. Craford, eds., High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes, Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 48 (Academic Press, New York, 1997).
S.J. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 37 (1998) p.509.
M.R. Krames, M. Holcomb Ochia, G.E. Höfler, Carte C. Coman, E.I. Chen, I.H. Tan, P. Grillot, N.F. Gardner, H.C. Chui, J.W. Huang, S.A. Stockman, F.A. Kish, M.G. Craford, T.S. Tan, C.P. Kocot, M. Hueschen, J. Posselt, B. Loh, G. Sasser, and D. Collins, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 (1999) p.2365.
R. Windisch, B. Dutta, M. Kuijk, A. Knobloch, S. Meinlschmidt, S. Schoberth, P. Kiesel, G. Borghs, G.H. Dohler, and P. Heremans, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 47 (2000) p.1492.
E.F. Schubert, N..E. Hunt, M. Micovic, R.J. Malik, D.L. Sivco, A.Y. Cho, and G.J. Zydzik, Science 265 (1994) p.943.
T.F. Krauss and R.M. Rue De La, Progr. Quantum Electron. 23 (1999) p.51.
J. Vučković, M. Lončar, and A. Scherer, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36 (2000) p.1131.
F.M. Steranka, in High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes, Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 48, edited by G.B. Stringfellow and M.G. Craford (Academic Press, New York, 1997)p. 65.
F.A. Kish and R.M. Fletcher, in High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes, Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol.48, edited by G.B. Stringfellow and M.G. Craford (Academic Press, New York, 1997) p.149.
H. Sugawara, K. Itaya, H. Nozaki, and G. Hatakoshi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61 (1992) p.1775.
S.W. Chiou, C.P. Lee, C.K. Huang, and C.W. Chen, J. Appl. Phys. 87 (2000) p.2052.
F.A. Kish, F.M. Steranka, D.C. DeFevere, D.A. Vanderwater, K.G. Park, C.P. Kuo, T.D. Osentowski, M.J. Peanasky, J.G. Yu, R.M. Fletcher, D.A. Steigerwald, M.G. Craford, and V.M. Robbins, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64 (1994) p.2839.
S. Nakamura and G. Fasol, The Blue Laser Diode: GaN Based Light Emitters and Lasers (Springer, Berlin, 1997) p. 343.
H. Amano, N. Sawaki, I. Akasaki, and Y. Toyoda, Appl. Phys. Lett. 48 (1986) p.353.
S. Nakamura, Jpn. J.Appl. Phys., Part 2: Lett. 30 (1991) p.L1705.
S. Nakamura, N. Iwasa, M. Senoh, and T. Mukai, Jpn. J.Appl. Phys., Part 1 31 (1992) p.1258.
S. Nakamura, T. Mukai, and M. Senoh, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64 (1994) p.1687.
Y. Kuga, T. Shirai, M. Haruyama, H. Kawanishi, and Y. Suematsu, Jpn. J.Appl. Phys., Part 1 34 (1995) p.4085.
J.W. Yang, Q. Chen, C.J. Sun, B. Lim, M.Z. Anwar, M.A. Khan, and H. Temkin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 (1996) p.369.
S.J. Lee, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 37 (1998) p.5990.
T. Mukai, M. Yamada, and S. Nakamura, Jpn. J.Appl. Phys., Part 1 38 (1999) p.3976.
J.W. Yang, A. Lunev, G. Simin, A. Chitnis, M. Shatalov, M.A. Khan, J.E. Nostrand Van, and R. Gaska, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 (2000) p.273.
A. Chitnis, A. Kumar, M. Shatalov, V. Adivarahan, A. Lunev, J.W. Yang, G. Simin, M.A. Khan, R. Gaska, and M. Shur, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 (2000) p. 3800
M. Shatalov, A. Chitnis, V. Adivarahan, A. Lunev, J. Zhang, J.W. Yang, Q. Fareed, G. Simin, A. Zakheim, M.A. Khan, R. Gaska, and M.S. Shur, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 (2001) p.817.
J.J. Wierer, D.A. Steigerwald, M.R. Krames, J.J. O’Shea, M.J. Ludowise, G. Christenson, Y.C. Shen, C. Lowery, P.S. Martin, S. Subramanya, W. Götz, N.F. Gardner, R.S. Kern, and S.A. Stockman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 (2001) p.3379.
N. Narendran, N. Maliyagoda, A. Bierman, R. Pysar, and M. Overington, in Proc. SPIE, Ligh.Emitting Diodes: Research, Manufacturing, and Applications IV, Vol. 3938, edited by H.W. Yao, I.T. Ferguson, and E.F. Schubert (SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA, 2000) p.240.
R. Mach Muelle and G.O. Mueller, in Proc. SPIE, Ligh.Emitting Diodes: Research, Manufacturing, and Applications IV, Vol. 3938, edited by H.W. Yao, I.T. Ferguson, and E.F. Schubert (SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA, 2000) p.30.
D. Eisert, U. Strauss, S. Bader, H.J. Lugauer, M. Fehrer, B. Hahn, J. Baur, U. Zehnder, N. Stath, and V. Härle, Inst. Pure Appl. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1 (2000) p.841.
G. Bogner, A. Debray, G. Heidel, K. Hoehn, U. Mueller, and P. Schlotter, in Proc. SPIE, Ligh.Emitting Diodes: Research, Manufacturing, and Applications III, Vol. 3621, edited by E. Schubert, I.T. Ferguson, and H. Yao (SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA, 1999) p.143.
F. Ivanauskas, R. Vaicekauskas, A. Zukauskas, M.S. Shur, and R. Gaska, “Optimization of the Parameters of White Polychromatic Light Emitting Diode,” presented at the 6th Int. Conf. on Mathematical Modeling and Analysis, Vilnius, June 2001.
R. Haitz, F. Kish, J. Tsao, and J. Nelson, Compound Semicond. 6 (2) (2000) p. 34.
M.W. Hodapp, in High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes, Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 48, edited by G.B. Stringfellow and M.G. Craford (Academic Press, New York, 1997) p.227.
B. Schweber, “Blue LEDs, Digital TV Bring Dayligh. Bright Signs to Masses,” EDN No. 8 (2000) p. 56, available from http://www.ednmag.com.
K. Okamoto, T. Yanagi, S. Takita, M. Tanaka, T. Higuchi, Y. Uchida, and H. Watanabe, Acta Hortic. 440 (1996) p.111.
N. Holonyak Jr., Am. J.Phys. 68 (2000) p.864.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Žukauskas, A., Shur, M.S. & Gaska, R. Light-Emitting Diodes: Progress in Solid-State Lighting. MRS Bulletin 26, 764–769 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2001.203
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2001.203