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Synthesis and microstructure of electrodeposited and sputtered nanotwinned face-centered-cubic metals

  • Twinning in Metallic Materials
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Abstract

The remarkable properties of nanotwinned (NT) face-centered-cubic (fcc) metals arise directly from twin boundaries, the structures of which can be initially determined by growth twinning during the deposition process. Understanding the synthesis process and its relation to the resulting microstructure, and ultimately to material properties, is key to understanding and utilizing these materials. This article presents recent studies on electrodeposition and sputtering methods that produce a high density of nanoscale growth twins in fcc metals. Nanoscale growth twins tend to form spontaneously in monolithic and alloyed fcc metals with lower stacking-fault energies, while engineered approaches are necessary for fcc metals with higher stacking-fault energies. Growth defects and other microstructural features that influence nanotwin behavior and stability are introduced here, and future challenges in fabricating NT materials are highlighted.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank N. Lu (Institute of Metals Research) and T. LaGrange (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) for image contributions, and B.L Boyce, T.A. Furnish, K.M. Hattar, and B.R. Muntifering (Sandia National Laboratories) for helpful discussions. D.C.B. was fully supported by the Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04–94AL85000. The work on NT Al was supported by DoE-OBES under Grant No. DE-SC0010482. The work (Y.M.W.) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52–07NA27344. Y.L. was fully supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Project FWP 06SCPE401, under US DoE Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. L.L. acknowledges financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2012CB932202), the NSFC (Grant Nos. 51420105001, 51371171, and 51471172) and the “Hundreds of Talents Project” from CAS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation-Solid Interactions Department, Sandia National Laboratories, USA

    Daniel C. Bufford

  2. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA

    Y. Morris Wang

  3. Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA

    Yue Liu

  4. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

    Lei Lu

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  1. Daniel C. Bufford
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Correspondence to Daniel C. Bufford.

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Bufford, D.C., Wang, Y.M., Liu, Y. et al. Synthesis and microstructure of electrodeposited and sputtered nanotwinned face-centered-cubic metals. MRS Bulletin 41, 286–291 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2016.62

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