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Synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy for energy materials

  • Synchrotron Radiation Research in Materials Science
  • Published:
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Abstract

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used characterization technique to explore the local geometric and electronic structures of materials with element specificity. XAS measurements are performed at synchrotron radiation sources that provide brilliant, tunable, and monochromatic energy photons. The advantages of XAS include good elemental, chemical, and orbital sensitivities, which all stem from inherent electron excitation and transition processes. XAS is categorized into soft (<2000 eV) and hard (>5000 eV) x-ray regimes, based on the incident photon energy. Soft x-rays can probe the K-edges of low-Z (atomic number) elements, including Li, C, N, O, and F, and the L-edges of 3 d transition metals, whose K-edge is within the hard x-ray regime. All of these elements are essential components of energy materials. This article introduces the principle of XAS and reviews some recent applications in energy storage and energy conversion, illustrating the capabilities of XAS to investigate the fundamental properties of materials from the points of view of atomic and electronic structures, which play crucial roles in understanding the reaction mechanisms in highperformance devices.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21473235, 11227902), One Hundred Person Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Pujiang Program (14PJ1410400), and NSAF (U1530402).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

    Xiaosong Liu

  2. Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, China

    Tsu Chien Weng

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  1. Xiaosong Liu
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  2. Tsu Chien Weng
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Correspondence to Xiaosong Liu.

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Liu, X., Weng, T.C. Synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy for energy materials. MRS Bulletin 41, 466–472 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2016.113

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