Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

3D printing of resorbable poly(propylene fumarate) tissue engineering scaffolds

  • 3D printing of biomaterials
  • Published:
MRS Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Efficient, reproducible, and precise methodologies for fabricating tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds using three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques are evaluated. Fusion deposition modeling, laser sintering, and photo printing each have limitations, including the materials that can be used with each printing system. However, new and promising resorbable materials are surfacing as alternatives to previously studied resorbable TE materials for 3D printing. One such resorbable polymer is poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), which can be printed using photocross-linking 3D printing. The ability to print new materials opens up TE to a wide range of possibilities not previously available. The ability to control precise geometries, porosity, degradation, and functionalities present on 3D printable polymers such as PPF shows a new layer of complexity available for the design and fabrication of TE scaffolds.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R. Langer, Pharm. Res. 14 (7), 840 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Neufurth, X.H. Wang, H.C. Schroder, Q.L. Feng, B. Diehl-Seifert, T. Ziebart, R. Steffen, S.F. Wang, W.E.G. Muller, Biomaterials 35 (31), 8810 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Scaglione, L. Ceseracciu, M. Aiello, L. Coluccino, F. Ferrazzo, P. Giannoni, R. Quarto, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 111 (10), 2107 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. N. Thadavirul, P. Pavasant, P. Supaphol, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 102 (10), 3379 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Y.W. Xuan, H. Tang, B. Wu, X.Y. Ding, Z.Y. Lu, W. Li, Z.F. Xu, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 102 (10), 3401 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. W.N.W. Yahya, N.A. Kadri, F. Ibrahim, Sensors 14 (7), 11714 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J.M. Fishman, M. Lowdell, M.A. Birchall, Semin. Pediatr. Surg. 23 (3), 119 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Z.P. Zhang, M.J. Gupte, P.X. Ma, Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 13 (4), 527 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. S.J. Hollister, W.L. Murphy, Tissue Eng. Part B 17 (6), 459 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Evangelatov, R. Pankov, J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. (2013), doi: 10.5772/55564.

  11. H. Seitz, W. Rieder, S. Irsen, B. Leukers, C. Tille, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 74B (2), 782 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. B. Dhandayuthapani, Y. Yoshida, T. Maekawa, D.S. Kumaret, Int. J. Polym. Sci. (2011), doi: 10.1155/2011/290602.

  13. W. Tang, M.L. Becker, Chem. Soc. Rev. 43 (20), 7013 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. X. Li, R. Cui, L. Sun, K.E. Aifantis, Y. Fan, Q. Feng, F. Cui, F. Watari, Int. J. Polym. Sci. (2014), doi: 10.1155/2014/829145.

  15. Q. Chen, S. Liang, G.A. Thouas, Prog. Polym. Sci. 38 (3–4), 584 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. K.S. Stakleff, F. Lin, L.A. Smith Callahan, M.B. Wade, A. Esterle, J. Miller, M. Graham, M.L. Becker, Acta Biomater. 9 (2), 5132 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. K.A. Aamer, C.M. Stafford, L.J. Richter, J. Kohn, M.L. Becker, Macromolecules 42 (4), 1212 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J.P. Fisher, T.A. Holland, D. Dean, P.S. Engel, A.G. Mikos, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 12 (6), 673 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. D.L. Schruben, P. Gonzalez, Polym. Eng. Sci. 40 (1), 139 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. R.O. Ebewele, Polymer Science and Technology (Taylor & Francis, New York, 2000).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  21. P. Rajagopal, V. Chitre, M. Aras, Indian J. Dent. Res. 23 (2), 152 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. A. Takaichi, N. Wakabayashi, Y. Igarashi, Contemp. Clin. Dent. 2 (4), 402 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. J.J. Yoon, J.H. Kim, T.G. Park, Biomaterials 24 (13), 2323 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. K.V.T. Joerg, A.H. Theresa, G.M. Antonios, in Scaffolding in Tissue Engineering (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2005), pp. 111–124.

    Google Scholar 

  25. D.H. Reneker, A.L. Yarin, Polymer 49 (10), 2387 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. J. Zheng, K. Liu, D.H. Reneker, M.L. Becker, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 (41), 17274 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Zheng, S. Xie, F. Lin, G. Hua, T. Yu, D.H. Reneker, M.L. Becker, Polym. Chem. 4 (7), 2215 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. R.D. Goodridge, C.J. Tuck, R.J.M. Hague, Prog. Mater. Sci. 57 (2), 229 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. D. Dean, W. Jonathan, A. Siblani, M.O. Wang, K. Kim, A.G. Mikos, J.P. Fisher, Virtual Phys. Prototyp. 7 (1), 13 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. R.D. Farahani, K. Chizari, D. Therriault, Nanoscale 6 (18), 10470 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. J. Kim, S. McBride, B. Tellis, P. Alvarez-Urena, Y.H. Song, D.D. Dean, V.L. Sylvia, H. Elgendy, J. Ong, J.O. Hollinger, Biofabrication 4 (2), 025003 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. N.B.R. Ringeisen, B.J. Spargo, P.K. Wu, Eds., Cell and Organ Printing (Springer, The Netherlands, 2010), pp. 225–239.

  33. J. Jensen, J.H. Rölfing, D.Q. Svend Le, A.A. Kristiansen, J.V. Nygaard, L.B. Hokland, M. Bendtsen, M. Kassem, H. Lysdahl, C.E. Bünger, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 102 (9), 2993 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. S.H. Masood, W.Q. Song, Mater. Des. 25 (7), 587 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. L. Ju-Yeon, C. Bogyu, W. Benjamin, L. Min, Biofabrication 5 (4), 045003 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. A. Butscher, M. Bohner, S. Hofmann, L. Gauckler, R. Müller, Acta Biomater. 7 (3), 907 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. T. Xu, W. Zhao, J.-M. Zhu, M.Z. Albanna, J.J. Yoo, A. Atala, Biomaterials 34 (1), 130 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. M.R. Dias, J.M. Guedes, C.L. Flanagan, S.J. Hollister, P.R. Fernandes, Med. Eng. Phys. 36 (4), 448 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. P.J. Bártolo, Stereolithography: Materials, Processes and Applications (Springer, New York, 2011).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  40. F.A. Probst, D.W. Hutmacher, D.F. Müller, H.G. Machens, J.T. Schantz, Handchir. Mikrochir. P. 42 (6), 369 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. K. Rezwan, Q.Z. Chen, J.J. Blaker, A.R. Boccaccini, Biomaterials 27 (18), 3413 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. K.U. Lewandrowski, M.V. Cattaneo, J.D. Gresser, D.L. Wise, R.L. White, L. Bonassar, D.J. Trantolo, Tissue Eng. 5 (4), 305 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. J. Kim, W.-G. Bae, H.-W. Choung, K.T. Lim, H. Seonwoo, H.E. Jeong, K.-Y. Suh, N.L. Jeon, P.-H. Choung, J. H. Chung, Biomaterials 35 (33), 9058 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. A.B. Faia-Torres, S. Guimond-Lischer, M. Rottmar, M. Charnley, T. Goren, K. Maniura-Weber, N.D. Spencer, R.L. Reis, M. Textor, N.M. Neves, Biomaterials 35 (33), 9023 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Y. Hu, S. Zou, W. Chen, Z. Tong, C. Wang, Colloids Surf. B 122, 559 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. A. Mitchell, B. Kim, J. Cottrell, S. Snyder, L. Witek, J. Ricci, K.E. Uhrich, J.P. O’Connor, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 102 (3), 655 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. M.E. Benz, E.M. Tenbroek, L.L. Luo, “Therapeutic Polymers and Methods of Generation,” US Patent 20110082266 A1 (April 7, 2011).

  48. L.A. Smith Callahan, A.M. Ganios, E.P. Childers, S.D. Weiner, M.L. Beckeret, Acta Biomater. 9 (4), 6095 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. C.B. Khatiwala, S.R. Peyton, A.J. Putnam, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 290, C1640 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. A.S. Rowlands, P.A. George, J.J. Cooper-White, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 295, C1037 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. S.R. Peyton, P.D. Kim, C.M. Ghajar, D. Seliktar, A.J. Putnam, Biomaterials 29 (17), 2597 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. A.R. Webb, J. Yang, G.A. Ameer, Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 4 (6), 801 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. D.J. Hadjidakis, I.I. Androulakis, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1092 (1), 385 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. L.J. Raggatt, N.C. Partridge, J. Biol. Chem. 285 (33), 25103 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. A. Göpferich, Biomaterials 17 (2), 103 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. F.V. Burkersroda, L. Schedl, A. Göpferich, Biomaterials 23 (21), 4221 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. S. He, M.D. Timmer, M.J. Yaszemski, A.W. Yasko, P.S. Engel, A.G. Mikos, Polymer 42 (3), 1251 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. J.E. Sanderson, “Bone Replacement and Repair Putty Material from Unsaturated Polyester Resin and Vinyl Pyrrolidone,” US Patent 4,722,948 (February 2, 1988).

  59. T.N. Gerhart, W.C. Hayes, “Bioerodible Implant Composition,” US Patent 4,843,112 (June 27, 1989).

  60. A.J. Domb, “Poly(Propylene Glycol Fumarate) Compositions for Biomedical Applications,” US Patent 4,888,413 (December 19 1989).

  61. A.J. Domb, J. Kost, D.M. Wiseman, Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers (Harwood Academic Publishers, Singapore, 1997), pp. 87–97.

    Google Scholar 

  62. M.J. Yaszemski, A.G. Mikos, R.G. Payne, W.C. Hayes, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 331 (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  63. M.J. Yaszemski, R.G. Payne, A.G. Mikos, “Poly(Propylene Fumarate),” US Patent 5733951 (March 31, 1998).

  64. A.M. DiCiccio, G.W. Coates, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133,10724 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. K.W. Lee, S. Wang, L. Lu, E. Jabbari, B.L. Currier, M.J. Yaszemski, Tissue Eng. 12 (10), 2801 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. A. Curtis, C. Wilkinson, Biomaterials 18 (24), 1573 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. A.S.G. Curtis, C.D.W. Wilkinson, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 9 (12), 1313 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. R.G. Flemming, C.J. Murphy, G.A. Abrams, S.L. Goodman, P.F. Nealey, Biomaterials 20 (6), 573 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. A. Atala, Ed., Foundations of Regenerative Medicine: Clinical and Therapeutic Applications 1st. ed. (Academic Press, Amsterdam, 2010).

  70. S. Kidambi, C.J. Murphy, G.A. Abrams, S.L. Goodman, P.F. Nealey, Tissue Eng. 13 (8), 2105 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. C. McInnes, P. Knox, D.J. Winterbourne, J. Cell Sci. 88 (5), 623 (1987).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Y. Liu, J.P. Li, E.B. Hunziker, K. de Groot, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond Ser A 364 (1838), 233 (2006).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. M. Morra, C. Cassinelli, G. Cascardo, L. Mazzucco, P. Borzini, M. Fini G. Giavaresi, R. Giardino, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 78A (3), 449 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. M. Zhang, T. Desai, M. Ferrari, Biomaterials 19 (10), 953 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. C. Knabe, C.R. Howlett, F. Klar, H. Zreiqat, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A71A (1), 98 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. S.D. Glassman, L. Carreon, M. Djurasovic, M.J. Campbell, R.M. Puno, J.R. Johnson, J.R. Dimar, Spine J. 7 (1), 44 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. D.A. Wong, A. Kumar, S. Jatana, G. Ghiselli, K. Wong, Spine J. 8 (6), 1011 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. E.J. Carragee, E.L. Hurwitz, B.K. Weiner, Spine J. 11 (6), 471 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. J. Dong, Y. Wang, J. Zhang, X. Zhan, S. Zhu, H. Yang, G. Wang, Soft Matter 9 (2), 370 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. D. Suárez-González, J.S. Lee, S.K. Lan Levengood, R. Vanderby Jr. W.L. Murphy, Acta Biomater. 8 (3), 1117 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. C. Hein, X.-M. Liu, D. Wang, Pharm. Res. 25 (10), 2216 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. F. Lin, J. Yu, W. Tang, J. Zheng, S. Xie, M.L. Becker, Macromolecules 46 (24), 9515 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. L.A. Smith Callahan, S. Xie, I.A. Barker, J. Zheng, D.H. Reneker, A.P Dove, M.L. Becker, Biomaterials 34 (36), 9089 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. M. Moretti, D. Wendt, S.C. Dickinson, T.J. Sims, A.P. Hollander, D.J. Kelly P.J. Prendergast, M. Heberer, I. Martin, Tissue Eng. 11 (9–10), 1421 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. K. Shahin, P.M. Doran, PLoS One 6 (8), e23119 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. T.P Schaer, S. Stewart, B.B. Hsu, A.M. Klibanov, Biomaterials 33 (5), 1245 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Partial support was provided by NIH grants (R01-DE013740, R01-AR061460), the Akron Functional Materials Center, and the Army, Navy, NIH, Air Force, VA, and Health Affairs to support the AFIRM II effort under award No. W81XWH-14–2-0004. The US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity is the awarding and administering acquisition office for award No. W81XWH-14–2-0004. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Department of Defense.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, USA

    Erin P. Childers & Matthew L. Becker

  2. Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, USA

    Martha O. Wang & John P. Fisher

  3. Department of Plastic Surgery, The Ohio State University, USA

    David Dean

Authors
  1. Erin P. Childers
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Martha O. Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Matthew L. Becker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. John P. Fisher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. David Dean
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Erin P. Childers.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Childers, E.P., Wang, M.O., Becker, M.L. et al. 3D printing of resorbable poly(propylene fumarate) tissue engineering scaffolds. MRS Bulletin 40, 119–126 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2015.2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2015.2

Search

Navigation