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Theranostic nanomaterials for image-guided gene therapy

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Abstract

Theranostics was proposed as a combined process of therapeutics and diagnostics methodology for increasing treatment efficacy and safety with simultaneous monitoring of the response to treatment. In the past two decades, nanotechnology has been the focus of developing strategies for drug delivery and imaging functions, and it has expanded to the design of multifunctional nanoparticles and the creation of “nanotheranostics” (i.e., theranostic nanomedicines). Nanotheranostics also shows potential in gene therapy; however, nanoparticle-mediated delivery of genes still faces major obstacles related to (1) the uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, (2) the ability to get across the target cell membranes through endocytosis, and (3) the ability to accumulate in organs with permeable vasculature. Here, we review the development and application of nanotheranostics, highlighting their relevance to gene therapy as well as molecular imaging.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program (Theragnosis, Global RNAi Carrier Initiative, and KIST Young Fellow) of KIST and the Global Innovative Research Center (GiRC) Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, South Korea

    Seung Rim Hwang

  2. Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea

    Sook Hee Ku, Min Kyung Joo, Sun Hwa Kim & Ick Chan Kwon

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  1. Seung Rim Hwang
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  2. Sook Hee Ku
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Correspondence to Seung Rim Hwang.

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Hwang, S.R., Ku, S.H., Joo, M.K. et al. Theranostic nanomaterials for image-guided gene therapy. MRS Bulletin 39, 44–50 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2013.312

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