Abstract
Inkjet printing is a promising technology providing cost-effective method for processing various materials on deformable substrates. In this work, linear and serpentine inkjet printed interconnects on two different substrates were fabricated and electromechanically characterized. A particular attention was given to the optimization of the process parameters; high quality can be achieved only printing slowly in vertical direction and optimizing the drop spacing to the specific pattern. The electromechanical results showed that the geometrical layout and printing direction strongly affect the printing quality and the electromechanical response; serpentine shapes should be preferred to straight interconnects as better gauge factors are obtained.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Stringer, T.M. Althagathi, C.C.W. Tse, V. Duong Ta, J.D. Shephard, E. Esenturk, C. Connaughton, T.J. Wasley, J. Li, R.W. Kay, and P.J. Smith: Integration of additive manufacturing and inkjet printed electronics: a potential route to parts with embedded multifunctionality. Manufacturing Rev. 3, 1–17 (2016).
E. Sowade, E. Ramon, K. Yoti Mitra, C. Martínez-Domingo, M. Pedró, J. Pallarès, F. Loffredo, F. Villani, H.L. Gomes, L. Terés, and R.R. Baumann: All-inkjet-printed thin-film transistors: manufacturing process reliability by root cause analysis. Sci. R. 6, 33490–33415 (2016).
V. Correia, K.Y. Mitra, H. Castro, J.G. Rocha, E. Sowade, R.R. Baumann, and S. Lanceros-Mendez: Design and fabrication of multilayer inkjet-printed passive components for printed electronics circuit development. J. Manuf. Process. 31, 364–371 (2018).
M. Borghetti, M. Serpelloni, E. Sardini, and S. Pandini: Mechanical behavior of strain sensors based on PEDOT:PSS and silvernanoparticles inks deposited on polymer substrate by inkjet printing. Sens. Actuators A 243, 71–80 (2016).
N. Islam Khan, A.G. Maddaus, and E. Song: A low-cost inkjet-printed aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor for the selective detection of lysozyme. Bionsens. 8, 7–25 (2018).
M. Gonzalez, F. Axisa, M. Vanden Bulcke, D. Brosteaux, B. Vandevelde, and J. Vanfleteren: Design of metal interconnects for stretchable electronic circuits. Micro. Reliab. 48, 825–832 (2008).
S. Khan, L. Lorenzelli, and R. Dahiya: Technologies for printing sensors and electronics over large flexible substrates: a review. IEEE Sensors J. 15, 3164–3185 (2014).
T. Cheng, Y. Wu, X. Shen, W. Lai, and W. Huang: Inkjet printed large-area flexible circuits: a simple methodology for optimizing the printing quality. J. Semicond. 39, 15001–15008 (2018).
J. Jiang, B. Bao, M. Li, J. Sun, C. Zhang, Y. Li, F. Li, X. Yao, and Y. Song: Fabrication of transparent multilayer circuits by inkjet printing. Adv. Mater. 28, 1420–1426 (2016).
Y. Kim, X. Ren, J.W. Kim, and H. Noh: Direct inkjet printing of micro-scale silver electrodes on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Microchip. J. Micromech. Microeng. 24, 115010–10 (2014).
J. Abu-Khalaf, R. Saraireh, S. Eisa, and A. Al-Halhouli: Experimental characterization of inkjet-printed stretchable circuits for wearable sensor applications. Sensors 18, 3476–3499 (2018).
N. Bowden, W.T.S. Huck, K.E. Paul, and G.M. Whitesides: The controlled formation of ordered, sinusoidal structures by plasma oxidation of an elastomeric polymer. App. Phys. Lett. 75, 2557–2559 (1999).
L. Guo and S.P. DeWeerth: Effective lift-off method for patterning high-density gold interconnects on an elastomeric substrate. Small 6, 2847–2852 (2010).
S. Aziz, K. Go Bum, Y. Jin Yang, B. Yang, C.U. Kang, Y. Hoi Doh, K. Hyun Choi, and H. Chan Kim: Fabrication of ZnSn03 based humidity sensor onto arbitrary substrates by micro-Nano scale transfer printing. Sens. Actuators A. 246, 1–8 (2016).
M. Amjadi, A. Pichitpajongkit, S. Lee, S. Ryu, and I. Park: Highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensor based on silvernanowire elastomer nano-composite. AcS Nano 8, 5154–5163 (2014).
A. Cammarano, G. De Luca, and E. Amendola: Surface modification and adhesion improvement of polyester films. Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 11, 35–45 (2013).
T. Seifert, E. Sowade, F. Roscher, M. Wiemer, T. Gessner, and R.R. Baumann: Additive manufacturing technologies compared: morphology of deposits of silver ink using inkjet and aerosol jet printing. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54, 769–779 (2015).
E. Sowade, M. Polomoshnov, and R.R. Baumann: The design challenge in printing devices and circuits: influence of the orientation of print patterns in inkjet-printed electronics. Org. Electron. 37, 428–438 (2016).
M.H. Madsen, N.A. Feidenhans, P. Hansen, J. Garnass, and K. Dirscherl: Accounting for PDMS shrinkage when replicating structures. J. Micromech. Microeng. 24, 127002–6 (2014).
G.E. Bonacchini, C. Bossio, F. Greco, V. Mattoli, Y. Kim, G. Lanzani, and M. Caironi: tattoo-paper transfer as a versatile platform for all-printed organic edible electronics. Adv. Mater. 30, 1706091–8 (2018).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Supplementary material
Supplementary material
The supplementary material for this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2019.10.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Angeli, M.A.C., Cramer, T., Fraboni, B. et al. Reliability of inkjet printed silver nanoparticle interconnects on deformable substrates tested through an electromechanical in-situ technique. MRS Communications 9, 129–136 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2019.10
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2019.10