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Optical reflectance of alkali-textured silicon wafers with pyramidal facets: 2D analytical model

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Abstract

This study presents an analytical model of the reflectance of flat and textured silicon substrates. The model was used to study the reflection behavior of textured silicon surfaces under non-normal incidence. By characterizing the incident light and facets of the silicon wafer with vector geometry, dot products and Phong’s reflection model (https://cs.oberlin.edu/~bob/cs357.08/VectorGeometry/VectorGeometry.pdf) were used to determine the reflection angles between incident light rays and pyramidal facets. The possible optical interactions are considered for a wide range of pyramidal geometries and light incidence angles that are relevant to the exposure of textured silicon surfaces to incident sunlight. Furthermore, the model was used to investigate the possibility of secondary reflection, for the full range of incidence angles to the substrate. The textured silicon surfaces were found to reduce the reflection angles more effectively than flat substrates at lower angles of incidence. Secondary reflection was also found to be experienced or guaranteed, for all pyramid heights, when the angle of incidence to the substrate was less than 19.4°. The predictions are validated with experimental measurements of reflectance from (001)-textured silicon surfaces. The implications of the results are then discussed for the development of micropyramids for improved photoconversion in silicon solar cells.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to thank Prof. Oleg Yordanov, Bruno Dandogbessi, and Uche Opara for useful scientific discussions. Appreciation is also extended to the World Bank STEP-B Program, the World Bank African Centers of Excellence Program, the African Development Bank, the African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF), and the Nelson Mandela Institute for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Theoretical and Applied Physics, African University of Science and Technology, PMB 681, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria

    Adebayo Adeboye Fashina & Winston Oluwole Soboyejo

  2. Physics Advanced Laboratory, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, PMB 186, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria

    Martiale Gaetan Zebaze Kana

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kwara State University, PMB 1530, Malate, Nigeria

    Martiale Gaetan Zebaze Kana

  4. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544, USA

    Winston Oluwole Soboyejo

  5. Princeton Institute of Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Bowen Hall, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544, USA

    Winston Oluwole Soboyejo

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  1. Adebayo Adeboye Fashina
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  2. Martiale Gaetan Zebaze Kana
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Correspondence to Winston Oluwole Soboyejo.

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Fashina, A.A., Kana, M.G.Z. & Soboyejo, W.O. Optical reflectance of alkali-textured silicon wafers with pyramidal facets: 2D analytical model. Journal of Materials Research 30, 904–913 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2015.70

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