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Monolithic silsesquioxane materials with well-defined pore structure

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An Erratum to this article was published on 01 January 2015

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Abstract

In this article, monolithic porous silsesquioxane materials, which are derived by sol–gel from trialkoxysilanes with substituent groups such as trimethoxysilane (HTMS), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), and vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), are reviewed with a special emphasis on our recent works. Careful controls over fundamental synthetic parameters such as pH, amounts of water and solvent, and kind of solvent and additives play a crucial role in the formation of monolithic gels based on random polysiloxane networks. Crystalline/amorphous precipitation is otherwise observed when the formation of isolated species including polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes dominates or if phase separation of the hydrophobic networks in aqueous media is not adequately controlled. In the successfully controlled system, pore size can be varied from a few tens of nanometers to a few tens of micrometers; porous materials such as transparent aerogels and hierarchically porous monoliths have been explored. In addition, unique properties derived from trialkoxysilanes such as reactivity of the pore surface and flexible mechanical properties are demonstrated. Possibilities in the silsesquioxane materials with controlled pore structures are discussed.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author is grateful for all co-workers who have contributed to the works reviewed in the present article (most of the names appear in the reference list). Financial supports such as Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (administrated by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan) and Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA, by Japan Science and Technology Agency) are also acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Kazuyoshi Kanamori

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  1. Kazuyoshi Kanamori
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Correspondence to Kazuyoshi Kanamori.

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This paper has been selected as an Invited Feature Paper.

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Kanamori, K. Monolithic silsesquioxane materials with well-defined pore structure. Journal of Materials Research 29, 2773–2786 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.332

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