Skip to main content
Log in

Progress Toward Crystalline-Silicon-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

  • Technical Features
  • Published:
MRS Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. J.I. Pankove, Optical Processes in Semiconductors, 2nd edition (Dover Publ. Inc., New York, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  2. J.R. Haynes and H.B. Briggs, Phys. Rev. 86 (1952) p. 647.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. J.R. Haynes and W.C. Westphal, Phys. Rev. 101 (1956) p. 1676.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. W. Michaels and M.H. Pilkuhn, Phys. Status Solidi 36 (1969) p. 311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. E. Yablonovitch and T. Gmitter, Appl. Phys. Lett. 49 (1986) p. 587.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. R. Newman, Phys. Rev. 100 (1955) p. 700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Schewchun and L.Y. Wei, Solid-State Electron. 8 (1965) p. 485.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. L.A. Kosyachenko, E.F. Kukhto, and V.M. Sklyarchuk, Sov. Phys. Semicond. 18 (1984) p. 266.

    Google Scholar 

  9. A.L. Lacaita, F. Zappa, S. Bigliardi, and M. Manfredi, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 40 (1993) p. 577.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. D.J. Wolford, B.A. Scott, J.A. Reimer, and J.A. Bradley, Sixteenth Int. Conf. Phys. Semics, Montpellier, France 1983, Physica B 117 & 118 (1983) p. 920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. L.A. Harrah and J.M. Zeigler, Macromolecules 20 (1987) p. 601.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. K. Furukawa, M. Fujimo, and N. Matsumoto, Macromolecules 23 (1990) p. 3423.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. G.S. Mitchcard, S.A. Lyon, K.R. Elliott, and T.C. McGill, Solid State Commun. 29 (1979) p. 425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Weber, W. Schmid, and R. Sauer, Phys. Rev. B 21 (1980) p. 2401.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. L.T. Canham, K.G. Barraclough, and D.J. Robbins, Appl. Phys. Lett. 51 (1987) p. 1509.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. P.L. Bradfield, T.G. Brown, and D.G. Hall, Appl. Phys. Lett. 51 (1989) p. 100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. K. Gillessen and W. Schairer, in Light Emitting Diodes: An Introduction (Prentice Hall Int. Series in Optoelectronics, England, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  18. G. Davies, Phys. Reports 176 (1989) p. 83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Reisfield and C.K. Jorgensen, in Lasers and Excited States of Rare Earths (Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1977).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  20. H. Ennen, J. Schneider, G. Pomrenke, and A. Axmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 43 (1983) p. 943.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. H. Ennen, G. Pomrenke, A. Axmann, K. Eisele, W. Hadyl, and J. Schneider, Appl. Phys. Lett. 46 (1985) p. 381.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. P.N. Favennac, H.L. Haridon, D. Moutonnet, M. Salvi, and M. Gauneau, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 29 (1990) p. L524.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Michel, J.L. Benton, R.F. Ferrante, D.C. Jacobson, D.J. Eaglesham, E.A. Fitzgerald, Y.H. Xie, J.M. Poate, and L.C. Kimerling, J. Appl. Phys. 70 (1991) p. 2672.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. D.L. Adler, D.C. Jacobson, D.J. Eaglesham, M.A. Marcus, J.L. Benton, J.M. Poate, and P.H. Citrin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61 (1992) p. 2181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. V.V. Petrov, V.S. Prosolovitch, V.D. Tkachev, C.S. Tsyrulkevitch, and Y. A. Karpov, Sov. Phys. Semicond. 19 (1985) p. 474.

    Google Scholar 

  26. H.B. Dietrich, P.B. Klein, B.J. Mrstik, and D.C. Ingram, SPIE Proc., Vol. 530 (1985) p. 195.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. D. E. Nazyrov, G.S. Kulikov, and R.Sh. Malkovich, Sov. Phys. Semicond. 25 (1991) p. 997.

    Google Scholar 

  28. W.P. Gillin, Z. Jingping, and B.J. Sealy, Solid State Commun. 77 (1991) p. 907.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. D.J. Eaglesham, J. Michel, E.A. Fitzgerald, D.C. Jacobson, J.M. Poate, J.L. Benton, A. Polman, Y.H. Xie, and L.C. Kimerling, Appl. Phys. Lett. 58 (1991) p. 2797.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Polman, J.S. Custer, E. Snoeks, and G.N. Van den Hoven, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62 (1993) p. 507.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Y.H. Xie, E.A. Fitzgerald, and Y.J. Mii, J. Appl. Phys. 70 (1991) p. 3223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. U. Gnutzmann and K. Clausecker, Appl. Phys. 3 (1974) p. 9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. R. Zachai, K. Eberl, G. Abstreiter, E. Kasper, and H. Kibbel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64 (1990) p. 1055.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. U. Schmid, N.E. Christensen, and M. Cardona, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 (1990) p. 2610.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. J.P. Noel, N.L. Rowell, D.C. Houghton, and D.D. Perovic, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57 (1990) p. 1037.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. J.P. Noel, N.L. Rowell, D.C. Houghton, A. Wong, and D.D. Perovic, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61 (1992) p. 690.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. K. Terashima, M. Tajima, and T. Tatsumi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57 (1990) p. 1925.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J.C. Sturm, H. Manoham, L.C. Lenchyshyn, M.L.W Thewalt, N.L. Rowell, J.P. Noel, and D.C. Houghton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) p. 1362.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. D.J. Robbins, L.T. Canham, S.J. Barnett, A.D. Pitt, and P.D.J Calcott, J. Appl. Phys. 71 (1992) p. 1407.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. D.J. Robbins, P.D.J Calcott, and W.Y. Leong, Appl. Phys. Lett. 59 (1991) p. 1350.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Q. Mi, X. Xiao, J.C. Sturm, L.C. Lenchyshyn, and M.L.W Thewalt, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60 (1992) p. 3177.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. L.T. Canham, Appl. Phys. Lett. 57 (1990) p. 1046.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. A. Uhlir, Bell System Tech. J. 35 (1956) p. 333.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. M.J.J Theunissen, J. Electrochem. Soc. 119 (1972) p. 351.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. V. Lehmann and U. Gosele, Appl. Phys. Lett. 58 (1991) p. 856.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. E. Corcoran, Sci. American (July1991) p. 108.

    Google Scholar 

  47. P.D.J Calcott, K.J. Nash, L.T. Canham, M.J. Kane, and D. Brumhead, in Microcrystalline Semiconductors—Materials Science & Devices, edited by P.M. Fauchet, C.C. Tsai, L.T. Canham, I. Shimizu, and Aoyagi Y (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 283, Pittsburgh, PA, 1993) p. 143.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. A.G. Cullis and L.T. Canham, Nature 353 (1991) p. 335.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. A.J. Read, R.J. Needs, K.J. Nash, L.T. Canham, P.D.J Calcott, and A. Qteish, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 (1992) p. 1232; 70 (1993) p. 2050.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. L.T. Canham, T.I. Cox, and W.Y. Leong, U.K. Patent Application No. 9108176, April 17, 1991.

  51. P.M.M.C. Bressers, J.W.J Knapen, E.A. Meulenkamp, and J.J. Kelly, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61 (1992) p. 108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. L.T. Canham, W.Y. Leong, M.I.J Beale, T.I. Cox, and L.L. Taylor, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61 (1992) p. 2563.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. N. Koshida and H. Koyama, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60 (1992) p. 347.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. A. Richter, P. Steiner, F. Kozlowski, and W. Lang, IEEE, EDL 12 (1991) p. 691.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. F. Namavar, H.P. Maruska, and N.M. Kalkhoran, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60 (1992) p. 2514.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. E. Bassous, M. Freeman, J.M. Halbout, S.S. Iyer, V.P. Kesan, P. Munguia, S.F. Pesarcik, and B.L. Williams, in Light Emission from Silicon, edited by S.S. Iyer, R.T. Collins, and L.T. Canham (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 256, Pittsburgh, PA, 1992), p. 23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. T. Futagi, T. Matsomoto, M. Katsuno, Y. Ohta, M. Mimura, and K. Kitamura, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 31 (1992) p. L616.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. H. Shi, Y. Zheng, Y. Wong, and R. Yuan, Chin. Phys. Lett. 9 (1992) p. 555.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Z. Chen, G. Borman, and R. Ochoa, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62 (1993) p. 708.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. M.A. Tischler, R.T. Collins, J.H. Stathis, and J.C. Tsang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60 (1992) p. 639.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. V Petrova-Koch, T. Muschik, A. Kux, B.K. Meyer, F. Koch, and V. Lehman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61 (1992) p. 943.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Canham, L. Progress Toward Crystalline-Silicon-Based Light-Emitting Diodes. MRS Bulletin 18, 22–28 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400037490

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400037490

Navigation