Abstract
We review our recent work on spin effects in low-dimensional electron gases studied using far-infrared photoconductivity technique. We measure the spin-orbit coupling parameter oc via spectroscopy by detecting the combined resonance. Detailed filling-factor dependent study shows the collective nature of this excitation, in accordance to theoretical predictions that both Kohn and Larmor theorem are broken for long-wavelength excitations that changes both the Landau and spin quantum numbers. We find that the long spin-relaxation time of a two-dimensional electron gas results in a novel bolometric spin effect, which gives rise to a substantial photo resistance change by reversing the spin polarization of electrons at the Fermi-level.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. Abstreiter, P. Kneschaurek, J.P. Kotthaus, and J.F. Koch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 104 (1974).
S.J. Allen Jr., D.C. Tsui, and J.V. Dalton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 107 (1974).
D. Stein, K.v. Klitzing, and G. Weimann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 130 (1983).
B. Das, S. Datta, and R. Reifenberger, Phys. Rev. B 41, 8278 (1990).
B.D. McCombe, S.G. Bishop, and R. Kaplan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 748 (1967); B.D. McCombe, Phys. Rev. 181, 1206 (1969).
J. Nitta et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1335 (1997); G. Engels et al., Phys. Rev. B 55, 1958 (1997); C.-M. Hu et al., ibid. 60, 7736 (1999); T. Matsuyama et al., ibid. 61, 15 588 (2000); D. Grundier, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 6074 (2000).
S. Datta and B. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 665 (1990).
T. Chakraborty and P. Pietiläinen, The Quantum Hall Effects: Fractional and Integral, (Springer, Berlin, MA, 1995).
T. Ando, A.B. Fowler, and F. Stem, Rev. Mod. Phys. 54, 437 (1982).
C. Kallin and B.I. Halperin, Phys. Rev. B 30, 5655 (1984). A. H. MacDonald and C. Kallin, Phys. Rev. B 40, 5795 (1989).
W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. 123, 1242 (1961).
A. Pinczuk, B.S. Dennis, D. Heiman, C. Kallin, E. Brey, C. Tejedor, S. Schmitt-Rink, E.N. Pfeiffer, and K.W. West, Phys. Rev. Fett. 68, 3623 (1992).
C.-M. Hu, E. Batke, K. Köhler, and P. Ganser, Phys. Rev. Fett. 75, 918 (1995); Phys. Rev. Fett. 76, 1904 (1996).
F. Neppl, J.P. Kotthaus, and J.F. Koch, Phys. Rev. B 19, 5240 (1979).
J.K. Wang, D.C. Tsui, M. Santos, and M. Shayegan, Phys. Rev. B 45, 4384(1992).
K. Hirakawa, K. Yamanaka, M. Endo, M. Saeki, and S. Komiyama, Phys. Rev. B 63, 085320 (2001).
J.P. Kotthaus, “Infrared excitations in electronic systems with reduced dimensionality”, NATO ASI Series, Interface, quantum wells, and superlattices, ed. C.R. Eeavens and R. Taylor (Plenum Press, New York and Eondon, 1988) pp. 95–126.
C. -M. Hu, C. Zehnder, Ch. Heyn, D. Heitmann, Phys. Rev. B, 67, 201302 (R) (2003).
K. Bittkau, Ch. Menk, Ch. Heyn, D. Heitmann, and C. -M. Hu, Phys. Rev. B, 68 195303 (2003).
C. Zehnder, A. Wirthmann, Ch. Heyn, D. Heitmann and C. -M. Hu, Europhys. Fett., 63, 576 (2003).
S. Brosig, K. Ensslin, R.J. Warburton, C. Nguyen, B. Brar, M. Thomas, and H. Kroemer, Phys. Rev. B 60, 13 989 (1999).
J.P. Eongo and C. Kallin, Phys. Rev. B 47, 4429 (1993).
K. Kern, D. Heitmann, P. Grambow, Y.H. Zhang, and K. Ploog, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1618 (1991); A. Lorke, J.P. Kotthaus, and K. Ploog, Superlattices Microstruct. 9, 103 (1991); Y. Zhao, D.C. Tsui, M. Santos, M. Shayegan, R.A. Ghanbari, D.A. Antoniadis, and H.I. Smith, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 1510 (1992).
S.A. Mikhailov and V.A. Volkov, Phys. Rev. B 52, 17260 (1995); S.A. Mikhailov, ibid. 54, 14293 (1996).
N.N. Kuzma, P. Khandelwal, S.E. Barrett, L.N. Pfeiffer, and K.W. West, Science 281, 686 (1998); J.M. Kikkawa and D.D. Awschalom, Nature 397, 139 (1999).
I. Žutić, J. Fabian, and S. Das Sarma, Rev. Mod. Phys. 76, 323 (2004).
Acknowledgments
This invited contribution has been based on collaborative studies which I unfortunately unable to present at the MRS 2004 spring meeting in San Francisco due to the “meandering long” visa process. I want to thank C. Zehnder, A. Wirthmann, K. Bittkau, Ch. Menk, Ch. Heyn, D. Heitmann and Y.S. Gui for their valuable contributions. I also wish to acknowledge financial supports by the EU 6th-Framework Programme through project BMR, the NEDO international spintronics project, the DFG through SFB 508 and BMBF through project 01BM905.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hu, CM. Spin Effects of Low-dimensional Electron Gases Studied by Far-infrared Photoconductivity Experiments. MRS Online Proceedings Library 825, 44 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-825-G4.4
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-825-G4.4