Abstract
Composite waste forms prepared using solid and liquid waste streams from an integrated coal gasification facility at Beulah, North Dakota, were evaluated for the potential leachability of select trace elements using batch tests. Cylinders were fabricated from seven blends of the solid components using liquid waste incinerator blowdown, multi-effect evaporator concentrate, or tap water. Individual waste forms and composites were leached using the same protocols. Both long term and short term leaching tests were used to evaluate these composite waste forms.Comparisons of measured concentrations of elements with values calculated from data on individual components were used to determine any change in leachability that may have occurred. These changes were expressed as a fixation factor, which is a term derived by dividing the calculated leachability by the measured concentrations from the actual leaching tests. Results from these experiments indicated that leachability of some elements could be lowered by the mixing of various solid and liquid waste streams. Ettringite formation is one possible mechanism responsible for fixation of several of the elements.
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Hasseti, D.J., Hassett, D.F. Fixation of Leachable Elements in Composite Waste Forms from North Dakota Lignite Coal Conversion Ash. MRS Online Proceedings Library 113, 333–340 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-113-333
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-113-333