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Synthesis and characterization of PbTiO3 powders and heteroepitaxial thin films by hydrothermal synthesis

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Abstract

PbTiO3 powders and heteroepitaxial thin films were produced by the hydrothermal method at 110–200 °C using different bases (Na–, K–, Rb–, Cs–, TMA–, and TBA–OH). Microstructural characterization showed that the tetragonal perovskite films were epitaxial on the SrTiO3 substrates, with a c-axis out-of-plane orientation. Sequential growth experiments showed that the growth initiates by the formation of 100 nm {100} faceted PbTiO3 islands followed by coalescence. Small cation bases (Na–, K–, Rb–OH) produced 1.5-μm {100} faceted blocky powders, whereas larger cation bases (Cs–, TMA–, and TBA–OH) formed fewer 500-nm interpenetrating platelets. Nuclear magnetic resonance results showed cation incorporation in the perovskite structure with local disorder on the Pb sites increasing cation size.

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Author notes

  1. A. T. Chien

    Present address: Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L-370, 94551, Livermore, California, USA

  2. J. Sachleben

    Present address: Research Scientist, Solid-State NMR Facility, Campus Chemical Instrument Center, The Ohio State University, Johnston Laboratory 119, 176 W. 18th Ave., 43210, Columbus, Ohio, USA

  3. J. H. Kim

    Present address: Department of Ceramic Engineering, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-Dong, 500-757, Puk-Gu, Kwangju, Korea

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, 93106, Santa Barbara, California, USA

    A. T. Chien, J. Sachleben, J. H. Kim, J. S. Speck & F. F. Lange

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Chien, A.T., Sachleben, J., Kim, J.H. et al. Synthesis and characterization of PbTiO3 powders and heteroepitaxial thin films by hydrothermal synthesis. Journal of Materials Research 14, 3303–3311 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1999.0447

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1999.0447

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